tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-34142567528737895632024-02-20T19:14:14.159+01:00NOLÖGICPalaeontology, Geology, Sedimentology, Trace fossils, Ichnology, Field workR Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.comBlogger48125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-15225288959390887052011-05-29T12:46:00.012+02:002011-05-30T08:27:15.671+02:00RE: Back to the field...<div style="text-align: justify;">Almost a year blogging hiatus. I just don't find the time to write sophisticated blog posts on things that are interesting enough. The last year has been pretty busy and there are several manuscripts under review, in preparation or whatever. As soon as some stuff is finally published, I will share some potentially intersting results here. For the time being, take a look at some photographs that I took on the field season last year. <a href="http://schmunda.blogspot.com/2010/07/back-to-field.html">In August 2010</a>, I spent four weeks in the western U.S. to get more data on Early Triassic ecosystems from western Pangaea. It's, of course, not purely geologic. Fieldwork is always an experience. Enjoy the shots!<br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3qYcoAzLgFnRhe0E175q5c2SWTpGwszbPJG_mZwkaGz_ASu3u_Ab3aohs4SgknzPKYhZGu7cyD01VyQn7y-9XBSKiA50I4U3QrMvcJGe4R-uc8fQ_pPcKPflHmj8nXEWtpTpyJ33Z3Ro/s1600/IMG_2040.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3qYcoAzLgFnRhe0E175q5c2SWTpGwszbPJG_mZwkaGz_ASu3u_Ab3aohs4SgknzPKYhZGu7cyD01VyQn7y-9XBSKiA50I4U3QrMvcJGe4R-uc8fQ_pPcKPflHmj8nXEWtpTpyJ33Z3Ro/s400/IMG_2040.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612099346838088754" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:100%;">The camp in the Confusion Range. The bright spots are ant nests.</span><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSWaEqUIb5gJWDeKSH1tfn2v66gim7-sbJr3P-8jVCz9iHtr7SLfvikksTqddn-a6j-CE7pjnWnmPAFPK3_NJEkj-Avvjb6bzHQwIiFYtg3tk3VFw4JE7-J3XiAiuF7C0LFnPWhTlkNSE/s1600/IMG_2073.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 224px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSWaEqUIb5gJWDeKSH1tfn2v66gim7-sbJr3P-8jVCz9iHtr7SLfvikksTqddn-a6j-CE7pjnWnmPAFPK3_NJEkj-Avvjb6bzHQwIiFYtg3tk3VFw4JE7-J3XiAiuF7C0LFnPWhTlkNSE/s400/IMG_2073.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612099336754889922" border="0" /></a>Sunset at the Utah/Nevada-border.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx8wseuRIdyvW_6Irfl8SubBR-39Uv1lO1dfB0f9-yJJRQt8jymIJt_AnuXNIYYctl7Zy8lNzm88c83kHiwPxP44t9TB4AzGoXF6qyA6koE0N0bq7b36R66MSI-O9THXL1Xwd6dFI_njs/s1600/IMG_2134.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx8wseuRIdyvW_6Irfl8SubBR-39Uv1lO1dfB0f9-yJJRQt8jymIJt_AnuXNIYYctl7Zy8lNzm88c83kHiwPxP44t9TB4AzGoXF6qyA6koE0N0bq7b36R66MSI-O9THXL1Xwd6dFI_njs/s400/IMG_2134.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612099335933531042" border="0" /></a>A Great Basin Collared Lizard (<i>Crotaphytus insularis</i>)<br />seen near Notch Peak, House Range.<br /></div><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx8wseuRIdyvW_6Irfl8SubBR-39Uv1lO1dfB0f9-yJJRQt8jymIJt_AnuXNIYYctl7Zy8lNzm88c83kHiwPxP44t9TB4AzGoXF6qyA6koE0N0bq7b36R66MSI-O9THXL1Xwd6dFI_njs/s1600/IMG_2134.JPG"><span style="font-style: italic;"></span></a><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirCl18JyQicPaIJQqhMVNXDHFPlrNbwTHAzsPJrP4Bak2k3ObVDfUgoMrVFCt-9cOYR3xjgnqStJX1ZyKJPe29oAicjWUWZW7riWH0B3nz3Jf_YwgKiILGBXoGzgdW_LojWO1iRQwKNaM/s1600/IMG_2135.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirCl18JyQicPaIJQqhMVNXDHFPlrNbwTHAzsPJrP4Bak2k3ObVDfUgoMrVFCt-9cOYR3xjgnqStJX1ZyKJPe29oAicjWUWZW7riWH0B3nz3Jf_YwgKiILGBXoGzgdW_LojWO1iRQwKNaM/s400/IMG_2135.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612099331907538562" border="0" /></a>Notch Peak, Sawtooth Mountain, House Range, Utah.<br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkhOeMQx6x5Q23xCRpInz3QdV4Hyep1lLhTDGXeCoT7lns30xWL1YlgbdApyXcDoz-i75PQj-dBBEFa1aiVCkZ_HI6rxZhcJn2dL-6lIUT_siKe8R1dCVDAM-nJC9MTZjxfZ8v4eNYBtM/s1600/IMG_2036.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkhOeMQx6x5Q23xCRpInz3QdV4Hyep1lLhTDGXeCoT7lns30xWL1YlgbdApyXcDoz-i75PQj-dBBEFa1aiVCkZ_HI6rxZhcJn2dL-6lIUT_siKe8R1dCVDAM-nJC9MTZjxfZ8v4eNYBtM/s400/IMG_2036.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612098471301176834" border="0" /></a>A pissed-off Western Black Widow<br />(<span style="font-style: italic;">Latrodectus hesperus</span>) in my bowl.<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjn6_1r_JU2wwBhHO2zbDO4PAYrNhQVgWt-mD_HYWd_aY7zBJOCvi7EbgyyGvM1WOBcoILMZk_tkDOv1-Gkp0Nw10QHmzXHWZjJ1UVKhb7_Q8ZsXF1ztaxfeorbbgOkYluHx-3ogfFNPg/s1600/IMG_2032.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjn6_1r_JU2wwBhHO2zbDO4PAYrNhQVgWt-mD_HYWd_aY7zBJOCvi7EbgyyGvM1WOBcoILMZk_tkDOv1-Gkp0Nw10QHmzXHWZjJ1UVKhb7_Q8ZsXF1ztaxfeorbbgOkYluHx-3ogfFNPg/s400/IMG_2032.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612098468990724402" border="0" /></a>The Meekoceras-Inn fighting with the wind.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI1NLmLUKOqS0gRykRuTOQvsqDXb8yxMN8Il8Ix2ojqa93_IUHkjo73ga7zLI_-FdHISbWFKBfJ3Og6ToNSMKEBN5I77gHgzB8TgxYHopxm8g3dg0U4qNIFqXYzBzasSwPGtPSb-32SuU/s1600/IMG_2029.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 224px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI1NLmLUKOqS0gRykRuTOQvsqDXb8yxMN8Il8Ix2ojqa93_IUHkjo73ga7zLI_-FdHISbWFKBfJ3Og6ToNSMKEBN5I77gHgzB8TgxYHopxm8g3dg0U4qNIFqXYzBzasSwPGtPSb-32SuU/s400/IMG_2029.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612098460600983714" border="0" /></a>A rotten Pick-Up-Truck in middle of Tule Valley.<br />Cambrian rocks of the House Range in the background<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXU5OlwwzISKd55m9wGDIUDF789w1x0mJ-D8e8dp3SRq_g6jWbVmmIUQPQh1NObO34RfVux0XDA05QDki6MH3c5qZ7YhyphenhyphenNZai9qPhB3REGlmix9fn1IxwsYmBptFy4PJ9gk0-s47wUGXQ/s1600/IMG_2026.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 224px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXU5OlwwzISKd55m9wGDIUDF789w1x0mJ-D8e8dp3SRq_g6jWbVmmIUQPQh1NObO34RfVux0XDA05QDki6MH3c5qZ7YhyphenhyphenNZai9qPhB3REGlmix9fn1IxwsYmBptFy4PJ9gk0-s47wUGXQ/s400/IMG_2026.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612098446422255154" border="0" /></a> Death Canyon, House Range Utah.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbZ-ikios-MxSflzZvHM26lj-MHBo8MTKcl1Uw8Z3qcT7X4tOpiIEUrvUpfX7SnGeQLi_c3Fvn7lv00X25na6t65LqAuXn05o5_3Y_wrKZlCz48lFLI-o4n87-TCb6jDLqsiHAaffIOag/s1600/IMG_2025.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 224px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbZ-ikios-MxSflzZvHM26lj-MHBo8MTKcl1Uw8Z3qcT7X4tOpiIEUrvUpfX7SnGeQLi_c3Fvn7lv00X25na6t65LqAuXn05o5_3Y_wrKZlCz48lFLI-o4n87-TCb6jDLqsiHAaffIOag/s400/IMG_2025.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612098442928847698" border="0" /></a>Death Canyon, House Range Utah.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqmfT8S3CYeg1DKOQwVvd6CsmA583J_1tHFJKhaPBagheQcB1fW7Y0rLpiv1aTTGP5K7ScMcmpIGUG3-gSLdy5FWILJQKe5vAdZ5yTE9w9VVKvYF50O74YpW3vtlrZQqpsB-u-CqUVyzg/s1600/IMG_2021.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 224px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqmfT8S3CYeg1DKOQwVvd6CsmA583J_1tHFJKhaPBagheQcB1fW7Y0rLpiv1aTTGP5K7ScMcmpIGUG3-gSLdy5FWILJQKe5vAdZ5yTE9w9VVKvYF50O74YpW3vtlrZQqpsB-u-CqUVyzg/s400/IMG_2021.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612097349128997378" border="0" /></a>Fossil hunting in the Wheeler Shale, House Range, Utah.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGunJPQrnml85DYnMHBE8Sc-Ve2cWx4VWqJPa8fAUZDzMLAiPn97FoHqBQKKuV89k88ogyoOKtzLGJIHQX2Ke81oMBgtW33WEhIjRA7TodxVB0NNSGEuQn014wPSuy1D7bHmpH_cGCzos/s1600/IMG_2020.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 224px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGunJPQrnml85DYnMHBE8Sc-Ve2cWx4VWqJPa8fAUZDzMLAiPn97FoHqBQKKuV89k88ogyoOKtzLGJIHQX2Ke81oMBgtW33WEhIjRA7TodxVB0NNSGEuQn014wPSuy1D7bHmpH_cGCzos/s400/IMG_2020.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612097348299377586" border="0" /></a>A nice evening in the House Range.<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi8AGuYHsrS9lrXYRhYb7c4HLQ_wYAgrD8EvvMaPqwFfyTzuW3VEmIDJyrbZ4Fasq-HsiKe3N6yrXkdfWd8DLHi6qBt284_MUOMwvTrADrMKZUU4awUy8WNiQ-dt86YrP86c1YsLWpbX8/s1600/IMG_1908.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 224px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi8AGuYHsrS9lrXYRhYb7c4HLQ_wYAgrD8EvvMaPqwFfyTzuW3VEmIDJyrbZ4Fasq-HsiKe3N6yrXkdfWd8DLHi6qBt284_MUOMwvTrADrMKZUU4awUy8WNiQ-dt86YrP86c1YsLWpbX8/s400/IMG_1908.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612097348861404866" border="0" /></a>Ruins near Santa Clara, Utah.<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgs54OrzzFuTT95PT9CiKdHppVoyLa6t5HAL0HM1fHwNZKATRLm3A1shLnPkUpcnseaDiX2l00P9vqF-1AmVaIg_Rg7MNLdEDwxZkN_ikkamkNHD_y89WuYxWIbsQ-hHO4oFIiDJM-fiTU/s1600/IMG_1906.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgs54OrzzFuTT95PT9CiKdHppVoyLa6t5HAL0HM1fHwNZKATRLm3A1shLnPkUpcnseaDiX2l00P9vqF-1AmVaIg_Rg7MNLdEDwxZkN_ikkamkNHD_y89WuYxWIbsQ-hHO4oFIiDJM-fiTU/s400/IMG_1906.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612097341631958626" border="0" /></a>Shales of the Virgin Formation (some people consider it as a Member).<br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9-jol9nbZY_Mrerwfd7z2N9RvSuLG4dtpV0S_FZ9oyH6YLurirwCQa4RXUpCT0VVc2eV4RPuteKTG7J5mMsrjh4dMnnF8g44intB4icJHFE-7uZOEG6My1ONaI1MI3yedFsQ73LyYYhs/s1600/IMG_1900.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9-jol9nbZY_Mrerwfd7z2N9RvSuLG4dtpV0S_FZ9oyH6YLurirwCQa4RXUpCT0VVc2eV4RPuteKTG7J5mMsrjh4dMnnF8g44intB4icJHFE-7uZOEG6My1ONaI1MI3yedFsQ73LyYYhs/s400/IMG_1900.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612095813558385042" border="0" /></a>In the desert west of St. George having a view on<br />outcrops of the Moenkopi and the Chinle Group.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-2iWG5kiRRCiaONMbl6ZtsOXDj16uofxuiLl-DlvEZ9CKlTZPd3Z1tksxXMioBMaYJkNnphjOj0UMwFRpPtoee7leJseaOf9A5sgJ8CRXlmlIcCwEdv4kNEHOld1Cfk-oMKP_WPf5BNA/s1600/IMG_1882.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-2iWG5kiRRCiaONMbl6ZtsOXDj16uofxuiLl-DlvEZ9CKlTZPd3Z1tksxXMioBMaYJkNnphjOj0UMwFRpPtoee7leJseaOf9A5sgJ8CRXlmlIcCwEdv4kNEHOld1Cfk-oMKP_WPf5BNA/s400/IMG_1882.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612095815363659298" border="0" /></a>Me, finding some cool traces.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip81z9apH7Htjj1o6G_LjZyqlYIUmk_datygs80rb-m1koapo-Iwks7finDV94ghtsRj9m2Jfzw6YL8aPx2EPcuFqKwQvch_vkBJ9CrHm_RIo-irAjyT75mIHTqiMnIyrb2LXiTwyPDm8/s1600/IMG_1820.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip81z9apH7Htjj1o6G_LjZyqlYIUmk_datygs80rb-m1koapo-Iwks7finDV94ghtsRj9m2Jfzw6YL8aPx2EPcuFqKwQvch_vkBJ9CrHm_RIo-irAjyT75mIHTqiMnIyrb2LXiTwyPDm8/s400/IMG_1820.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612095809012854738" border="0" /></a>A dead Desert Horned Lizard (<span style="font-style: italic;">Phrynosoma platyrhinos</span>).<br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgN99T9WFmpD5Mxt4WgxSjZUPY54YxlZrSTMVBQfKdwycmERPfPgNHMnKB7cAUKW4Q4C7zeMwuGuY7wZLxscx2H0NWnEDmD69HGlEs1R4njVzubP3ndDO59h4M-AUDCHSQGs0mGxifE_x0/s1600/IMG_1796.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgN99T9WFmpD5Mxt4WgxSjZUPY54YxlZrSTMVBQfKdwycmERPfPgNHMnKB7cAUKW4Q4C7zeMwuGuY7wZLxscx2H0NWnEDmD69HGlEs1R4njVzubP3ndDO59h4M-AUDCHSQGs0mGxifE_x0/s400/IMG_1796.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612095801211141730" border="0" /></a>These are the guys I am looking for. I prepare the plates<br />for later publications directly in the field, haha.<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNGIqj5VKa0czaOfdxddaPNK-oZLJSz77sMikNu2vSHatHW5DCr6IkW1fjCRRI_G20I3T6Ty1jj4HGP-SWi_45qfpfDZIRFM_ekNDmhHxrrJi1t_vwWkJyYDNohGM1oaVrPGjfM0OESj0/s1600/IMG_1723.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNGIqj5VKa0czaOfdxddaPNK-oZLJSz77sMikNu2vSHatHW5DCr6IkW1fjCRRI_G20I3T6Ty1jj4HGP-SWi_45qfpfDZIRFM_ekNDmhHxrrJi1t_vwWkJyYDNohGM1oaVrPGjfM0OESj0/s400/IMG_1723.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612095795016664786" border="0" /></a>Double rainbow.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEif5-LMy9Y3UUYNyV6WDMRHCIbAdvEsUnxJKni90RfNwAUpIEXuyXA6QVFCkn1AmUF0LeTUu_Wsn3tTWbVUj9h8Nu5IsYB53vaFFx0RXwhfWymgarr6Lu660tbhRcPNczq0Y7wi4lwOIOM/s1600/IMG_1707.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEif5-LMy9Y3UUYNyV6WDMRHCIbAdvEsUnxJKni90RfNwAUpIEXuyXA6QVFCkn1AmUF0LeTUu_Wsn3tTWbVUj9h8Nu5IsYB53vaFFx0RXwhfWymgarr6Lu660tbhRcPNczq0Y7wi4lwOIOM/s400/IMG_1707.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612094675588404290" border="0" /></a>Bivalve resting traces <span style="font-style: italic;">Lockeia</span>, Dinwoody Formation, Montana.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS0vc6QHfFWxPwIXnYr82alPb7XeVpT-HSxAntD6ToCZpxFOQRMzqavE9EfOu3JNIXZoQ1EyfOeCzMWxEClAyw4HuaJo_HCyxBpmNDCzG1_VyNTmaHiGfIcGQrNAMLimLNmB0Z5msjvhY/s1600/IMG_1695.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS0vc6QHfFWxPwIXnYr82alPb7XeVpT-HSxAntD6ToCZpxFOQRMzqavE9EfOu3JNIXZoQ1EyfOeCzMWxEClAyw4HuaJo_HCyxBpmNDCzG1_VyNTmaHiGfIcGQrNAMLimLNmB0Z5msjvhY/s400/IMG_1695.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612094669958124930" border="0" /></a>Although fully overgrown, these are textbook-like triangular fault<br />facets and an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluvial_fan">alluvial fan</a> in between. This seems to be a very<br />prominent example. It pops out of the internet here and there.<br />Tendoy Range, near Lima, Montana.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_fla_Pid69AYf7PqV9EF3cn37Vbz3vf9soLbqBSckDcpPpCOn7RvcD7rTxbea8LjLeA_YMXbY_90WZGG5mY3-mL3xiNhtz3F9kYd_9y3Fh9AYfVMH7BsteViAtKCB4C4G-btTUwl0VBo/s1600/IMG_1685.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_fla_Pid69AYf7PqV9EF3cn37Vbz3vf9soLbqBSckDcpPpCOn7RvcD7rTxbea8LjLeA_YMXbY_90WZGG5mY3-mL3xiNhtz3F9kYd_9y3Fh9AYfVMH7BsteViAtKCB4C4G-btTUwl0VBo/s400/IMG_1685.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612094667427091042" border="0" /></a><span style="font-style: italic;">Eumorphotis</span> (left) and <span style="font-style: italic;">Claraia</span> (right), Dinwoody Formation.<br />Probably the most common bivalves of the Early Triassic.<br /></div><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirrhdP-38k41PQU4RbD7qoYKNfrlBGQCwoW9aPEkUX5pFOOg0b78gmq0RSYehWTfGyDsk3IzBr0t7AFuVl-I2ZPxaDa4sd9Czv9SgzT8hJmvXikqVVWTv95ccf9dJDazB4YwtfzyQ_uf8/s1600/IMG_1634.JPG"><br /></a><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSFSKJdbL3CfE6UMcfmzm-RFLiGlPCefVjgmaKTQe7aMx76TTjj8hyQdc-peyU-Ycio8uSykE4gysGJtSMgC8UQHnHPQ6Z6Haun3n1rKo5MQ9kK5eSlRBXo0_zfrSapoqVSfcimvzsaxw/s1600/IMG_1590.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 224px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSFSKJdbL3CfE6UMcfmzm-RFLiGlPCefVjgmaKTQe7aMx76TTjj8hyQdc-peyU-Ycio8uSykE4gysGJtSMgC8UQHnHPQ6Z6Haun3n1rKo5MQ9kK5eSlRBXo0_zfrSapoqVSfcimvzsaxw/s400/IMG_1590.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612094657155439170" border="0" /></a>Hidden Pasture. What a place! Tendoy Range, Montana.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrCWFXH_8f_fXlSQXBUbPYRgsr4PAkpEalslnmXRKFvctPX-jC9AoVsI2Dv4-KhyPRLINJP7ZD3hQ8RqVvgdtZKP-p5WKM_0vpdfLI8S7r-Dsi_CpLWl51XjeoDy3eWyL9wUQF8hrKFTQ/s1600/IMG_1589.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 224px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrCWFXH_8f_fXlSQXBUbPYRgsr4PAkpEalslnmXRKFvctPX-jC9AoVsI2Dv4-KhyPRLINJP7ZD3hQ8RqVvgdtZKP-p5WKM_0vpdfLI8S7r-Dsi_CpLWl51XjeoDy3eWyL9wUQF8hrKFTQ/s400/IMG_1589.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612093333969840242" border="0" /></a>The Dinwoody Formation at Hidden Pasture.<br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV9-7jYbvMl1_8m9ZWHYmI042HJpoQkzj3yE4nJG3t3kT2sm2FjRIHBfFR_5M7vWTO90HDdwRnnY7wC1Yx1v7O99mNREEBCxe1juvz2n6qbSpC121eCT6INzkLjHtfmVqInogV1HDCD2M/s1600/IMG_1562.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 224px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV9-7jYbvMl1_8m9ZWHYmI042HJpoQkzj3yE4nJG3t3kT2sm2FjRIHBfFR_5M7vWTO90HDdwRnnY7wC1Yx1v7O99mNREEBCxe1juvz2n6qbSpC121eCT6INzkLjHtfmVqInogV1HDCD2M/s400/IMG_1562.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612093337336798210" border="0" /></a>Somewhere in the southern Tendoy Range, Montana.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsyNesM31xq7H1Nyldzfw6aVdgwx83EkyoQzZO2Ss6hCqn_RTGCoGvmx6NIT6GFeg-94HHSnNKX7LWD0JRiwIULaKAxh-Sa6IdfUfAZYfcsybldFaIxRyQORBqvJ0pZlU2SE_WTeP2wvs/s1600/IMG_1558.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsyNesM31xq7H1Nyldzfw6aVdgwx83EkyoQzZO2Ss6hCqn_RTGCoGvmx6NIT6GFeg-94HHSnNKX7LWD0JRiwIULaKAxh-Sa6IdfUfAZYfcsybldFaIxRyQORBqvJ0pZlU2SE_WTeP2wvs/s400/IMG_1558.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612093332015680370" border="0" /></a>My car.<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiv1qr_1BHiL7OIPIQINqc_NRUyqJ1U8yFhDyyI26ipqYDscrci3_WGMurYemW_ulksXfftUzYnK_9cToO4AQefw32afCsXRNWkE07GR4SeJJUR6_h5STdHUDt1vWds5Fn89DK0URHPC0/s1600/IMG_1549.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 224px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiv1qr_1BHiL7OIPIQINqc_NRUyqJ1U8yFhDyyI26ipqYDscrci3_WGMurYemW_ulksXfftUzYnK_9cToO4AQefw32afCsXRNWkE07GR4SeJJUR6_h5STdHUDt1vWds5Fn89DK0URHPC0/s400/IMG_1549.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612093323957891842" border="0" /></a>Cattle eating gras near Lima, Montana.<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLXFxUWged-PwBXcTlfnJLP-s9DN0HtiuBm3ifpNrdzPnLgUWrrWVYZtkpkYgySu8NG4J68cCv6oIdNWqCfoGqYM3kSEdjkJbBcjVzNP5ATFw0YgrqBJJqYQR5jXKeumwZIFklOOsCx-s/s1600/IMG_1523.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 224px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLXFxUWged-PwBXcTlfnJLP-s9DN0HtiuBm3ifpNrdzPnLgUWrrWVYZtkpkYgySu8NG4J68cCv6oIdNWqCfoGqYM3kSEdjkJbBcjVzNP5ATFw0YgrqBJJqYQR5jXKeumwZIFklOOsCx-s/s400/IMG_1523.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5612093316300091714" border="0" /></a>Reminded me on " Little House on the Prairie", Ovid, Idaho.<br /></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-81574964072551196892010-07-25T22:39:00.003+02:002010-07-25T23:06:30.483+02:00Back to the field...Hey, I almost abandoned nologic in most recent times. There are several reasons for this: First of all, in my spare time I mostly change diapers and try to keep my little heir cheerful. This is much fun and I really enjoy being a part of my own family. Next thing is that I devote any bit of time in my office to proceed with my PhD research project. There were some "distractions" recently, so I lost some time doing this and that. I participated in the <a href="http://www.ipc3.org/">IPC3 Meeting</a> were I had permission to give a talk. This was really cool and now I know that I am not completely off the map with my research.<br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />I will return to the field tomorrow. There is much to discover in the Western United States (mainly Utah, Idaho) in the Early Triassic. Concerning the weather, it's probably the worst time in the year to perform fieldwork but there is no other opportunity for me (baby). Anyway, I hope for good finds and new insights.<br /><br />Beside other places I may go to <a href="http://www.panoramio.com/photo/5711824">this place:</a><br /></div><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/static.panoramio.com/photos/original/5711824.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 573px; height: 429px;" src="http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/static.panoramio.com/photos/original/5711824.jpg" alt="" border="0" /></a>This photo is supposed to show Hidden Pasture Canyon in southern Montana. The brown rocks on the left could be Lower Triassic. We'll see.<br /><br />rR Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-64230483354207761112010-05-16T08:57:00.008+02:002010-05-17T20:34:45.209+02:00Accretionary Wedge #25: Geo-Image<div style="text-align: justify;">The current edition of the "Accretionary Wedge" is hosted by <a href="http://scienceblogs.com/highlyallochthonous/2010/05/accretionary_wedge_call_for_po.php">Highly Allochthonous</a>. The motif this month is to gather geology-related images. Outcrops, sections, satellite images, minerals, fossils, seismic images, diagramms etc.<br /><br />Here is mine: The Permian-Triassic transition epxosed at the Northface of the "Aferer Geisler" (Dolomites, Northern Italy).<br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM9RcNNIukt3CP0UyGSmy46bPINogQnunAPpSOrfWd2p1hHcGvpzIpmO3vVwTIK16dKvo2CRKi6LAw2fSaDnj3kMEhc_ZbKDRXb_nVn_vdcuy26Sk4fkaaYDOWpEXs-O5jN6sYJmBIh-g/s1600/DSC02671.JPG"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM9RcNNIukt3CP0UyGSmy46bPINogQnunAPpSOrfWd2p1hHcGvpzIpmO3vVwTIK16dKvo2CRKi6LAw2fSaDnj3kMEhc_ZbKDRXb_nVn_vdcuy26Sk4fkaaYDOWpEXs-O5jN6sYJmBIh-g/s400/DSC02671.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5471766860913794402" border="0" /></a><br />The Bellerophon Formation (the brown/yellow succession in the lower part) represents late Permian (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changhsingian">Changhsingian</a>) shallow marine to marginal marine environments that yield insight into the pre-extinction world. The end-Permian mass extinction is suggested to have wiped out about 95% of all marine species, and thus is considered as the most severe biotic crisis that metazoan life encountered on our planet. The Werfen Formation (the grey to reddish slope in the middle part of the picture) extends from the latest Permian (latest Changhsingian) to the lower Triassic (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induan">Induan</a>/<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olenekian">Olenkian</a>) and is one of the best studied succession of the end-Permian mass extinction and its aftermath. In this picture, the extinction level is exposed approximately where the trees end. The steep cliffs forming the top of this range are composed of reef carbonates for which the Dolomites are so noted.<br /><br />The Dolomite region has been selected as a <a href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1237">Unesco World Heritage site</a>. Besides the breath-taking beauty of this landscape, the significance of this region for earth sciences has also been taken into account.<br /></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-21511532841775974352010-05-15T22:11:00.003+02:002010-05-16T18:22:11.022+02:0050 Best blogs for Zoology students<div style="text-align: justify;">Quite a while ago, it has been brought to me that my blog made it on a list featuring the best blogs for students of zoology. Please follow the link below. I am sure you'll find other blogs that are worth exploring....<br /><br /><a href="http://http//www.onlinedegrees.net/blog/2010/50-best-blogs-for-zoology-students/">50 Best blogs for Zoology students</a><br /><br />I am not a very busy blogger, anyway, but I have to announce that my activities here are quite limited at the moment. There is a reason for that: It's male, 8 days old and is keeping me very busy besides doing my PhD. Haha. Nevertheless, there are a couple of posts in preparation that I will spill out as soon as I find some time to shape them a little bit.<br /><br />best, r</div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-24651738827065408882010-04-06T15:12:00.008+02:002010-04-06T15:55:55.474+02:00Just in case you didn't know: Free digital Geological Maps (USGS)<div style="text-align: justify;">May be this is just old news for you but possibly it is useful for someone out there. After browsing for basic geological maps of the United States, I discovered a page that solved all of my problems. <a href="http://tin.er.usgs.gov/geology/state/">Here</a> at a page provided by the USGS, you can download geological maps of all states as shapefiles or kml-layer for Google Earth. It is very easy way to find localities for the next fieldtrip for instance.<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVc-seQcsIhhdbwPXLfycBSJI3KAfcl_9DLd96CDlGAzPIC2QOq8ayJuh6OeQK9RdX_pQpCqPuKBnv3dVIW4KzQpYz2jhoxZYG9cPbZrA_dWkhw4vOH5gSp7nwOAX58KGbQhdS9izFVOM/s1600/geoggleearth.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 301px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVc-seQcsIhhdbwPXLfycBSJI3KAfcl_9DLd96CDlGAzPIC2QOq8ayJuh6OeQK9RdX_pQpCqPuKBnv3dVIW4KzQpYz2jhoxZYG9cPbZrA_dWkhw4vOH5gSp7nwOAX58KGbQhdS9izFVOM/s400/geoggleearth.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5457020520157879346" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">The north-western area of the Utah Geology layer displayed in Google Earth</span><br /></div><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://tin.er.usgs.gov/geology/state/images/mt.jpeg"><br /></a><img src="file:///C:/DOKUME%7E1/rhofmann/LOKALE%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot-1.png" alt="" /><br /><img src="file:///C:/DOKUME%7E1/rhofmann/LOKALE%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot.png" alt="" />R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-17542237186321360942010-03-29T10:42:00.009+02:002010-03-29T11:15:32.885+02:00Chirotherium World Tour<div style="text-align: justify;">A team of scientists from the <a href="http://www.geo.tu-freiberg.de/palaeo/index2.html">TU Freiberg</a> recently unearthed well-preserved tetrapod footprints from the Triassic of the High Atlas (Morocco). Surprisingly, this ichnofauna is dominated by the ichnogenus <a href="http://schmunda.blogspot.com/2008/11/and-now-all-together-chirotherium-is.html"><span style="font-style: italic;">Chirotherium</span></a>, wich is suggested to present an exclusive element of North-Pangean or <a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Laurasia-Gondwana.svg">Laurasian </a>localities that are nowadays associated to Europe, China and North America. Although the scientists are aware that similar trackways were reported from western Gondwana (Argentina; Peabody, 1955), it was stated by several local newspapers that the imprints represent the first occurrences of such traces from Gondwana.<br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidaiwjJNzVzM4JAnTBExxGtn4cknVWtc58mdUkj_c_wIln6a9j_NdcC5PHRaCktTLvW7I45kMiWCwIRvEh03DgvuWAU8J_rvkfQkzEPRSw1kSFTVRnxg5nAEtUjPgYkhlRhyB2oxEaqJA/s1600/C.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 371px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidaiwjJNzVzM4JAnTBExxGtn4cknVWtc58mdUkj_c_wIln6a9j_NdcC5PHRaCktTLvW7I45kMiWCwIRvEh03DgvuWAU8J_rvkfQkzEPRSw1kSFTVRnxg5nAEtUjPgYkhlRhyB2oxEaqJA/s400/C.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5453978727495967922" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 1: Pes (the big one) and manus imprint of the ichnogenus <span style="font-style: italic;"><br />Chirotherium </span>from the Triassic of Morocco (courtesy of Jan Fischer).</span><br /></div><br />Extensive field work yielded several well-preserved imprints and trackways that can be assigned to the ichnospecies <span style="font-style: italic;">Chirotherium barthii</span> (fig. 1), which is described from (watch out, confusing terms) upper Lower Triassic (Olenekian) to lower Middle Triassic (Anisian) rocks like the Moenkopi Formation of the western U.S. or the Buntsandstein of Central Europe (Klein & Haubold, 2007; and references therein).<br /><br />As noted above, at least the ichnogenus seems to occur in Argentina as well but the new data from Morocco now strongly support the hypothesis of Peabody (1955) that Chirotherium is a track with a global distribution and its archosaurian producer inhabited the northern and southern hemisphere (see a reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment in fig. 2).<br /><br />All specimens are currently under investigation by Hendrik Klein, Sebastian Voigt and Jörg Schneider of the TU Freiberg and I expect some interesting papers to be published in near future. For instance, the age of these findings will play an important role in unravelling the evolutionary history of archosaurs.<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRoOlZpkytHi2Al-DXm5Dq0swqUqrnTfriS7noQjljRVrxyqe4-FdAj-4Z88pZyrUZb69iA0Dm5yi2dpPr68je03j2uasLg1IO2Tx5J410Q5IlTtyaSMZFwSb2RNAnuTgEOnIj9myBCsA/s1600/triassic_morokko_Spindler.jpg"><img style="display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 396px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRoOlZpkytHi2Al-DXm5Dq0swqUqrnTfriS7noQjljRVrxyqe4-FdAj-4Z88pZyrUZb69iA0Dm5yi2dpPr68je03j2uasLg1IO2Tx5J410Q5IlTtyaSMZFwSb2RNAnuTgEOnIj9myBCsA/s400/triassic_morokko_Spindler.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5453974065532493058" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 2: A reconstruction of the palaeoenvironment based on the<br />geological context and sedimentary analysis of the track bearing interval.<br />Drawn by F. Spindler (taken from Sächsische Zeitung, march 20/21, 2010).</span><br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: left;">References<br /><br /></div><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="http://bulletin.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/66/2/239">Peabody, F.E., 1955</a>: Occurrence of Chirotherium in South America: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 66, p. 239-240.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="http://paleo.cortland.edu/globaltriassic/Bull41/26-Klein%20and%20Haubold%20%28tracks%29.pdf">Klein, H., Haubold, H., 2007</a>: Archosaur footprints - potential for biochronolgy of Triassic contintal sequences. In Lucas, S.G., Spielmann, J.A., (eds): The Global Triassic. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 41. </span>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-90475232269618395702010-02-26T15:08:00.006+01:002010-03-09T09:26:40.080+01:00Nothing new under the sun...IIIHello,<br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;">again I am busy and there is simply no time to fudge more or less significant contributions for nologic. I have several papers in preparation and one is ready for submission. I registered for <a href="http://www.ipc3.org/">IPC3</a>, which will be held in London this year. The abstract is already submitted and I hope I can give a talk there.<br /><br />I added a <a href="http://schmunda.blogspot.com/p/my.html">link</a> somwhere above where you can find short summaries and related publications of projects where I am (or have been) involved. I will keep this updated whenever something changes. If you are interested in some of my insignificant contributions such as abstracts and articles (definitely to come) drop me a line and I will see how I can help you.</div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-18648127700558919772010-01-08T10:52:00.014+01:002010-02-04T19:51:14.970+01:00Traces First #3: The tetrapod terrestrialisation<div style="text-align: justify;">This post actually just represents one of those reviews that swamp the internet right now. However, it just fits so perfectly my <a href="http://schmunda.blogspot.com/search/label/traces%20first"><span style="font-style: italic;">Traces First</span></a>-label that I simply can't refuse to put this one on <span style="font-weight: bold;">nologic</span>.<br /><br />Recently, <a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v463/n7277/full/nature08623.html">Nied<span class="mb">ź</span>wiedzki </a>and co-workers (2010) discovered vertebrate trackways in the early Middle Devonian of Poland. These traces, which represent imprints of walking tetrapods, demonstrate that backboned animals walked the earth approximately 20 Million Years earlier than has been previoulsy inferred from body fossils like <span style="font-style: italic;">Tiktaalik</span> and <span style="font-style: italic;">Panderichthys </span>for instance. <span style="font-style: italic;">Tiktaalik </span>from the late Devonian of the Canadian arctic is suggested to represent a sarcopterygian fish, which is closely related to early land-based tetrapods like no other (primary) aquatic animal of the fossil record (<a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v440/n7085/full/nature04639.html">Daeschler et al. 2006</a>)<br /><br />The recent finding from Poland is remarkable for two reasons:<br /><br />(1) The morphology of the imprints suggests that they were produced by real limbs. If a creature would use stump-like fins as seen in <span style="font-style: italic;">Tiktaalik </span>for extra-aquatic locomotion, the trace fossil would appear more like drag way, not a track way (haha). The traces from Poland show discrete imprints with no drag marks or something. The implication of this feature is that free moving limbs must have evolved much earlier.<br /><br />(2) The traces were found in a completely unexpected environment. The terrestrialisation of vertrebrates has always been suggested to have happend somewhere in swamp-like landscapes or along river channels. The sedimentary rocks of the trace fossil bearing level are interpreted as strata deposited on a tidal flat. This offers two possibilties: Either first vertrebrates emerged from the marine (which to my knowledge has not been considered so far) or they came from somewhere else. Togehter with point (1), the latter opportunity pushes the terrestrialisation even further back in time.<br /><br />With the contribution of <a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v463/n7277/full/nature08623.html">Nied<span class="mb">ź</span>wiedzki </a>et al. (2010), another macro-evolutionary step is well predated by means of traces fossils.<br /></div><br />As neat video from <a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/NatureVideoChannel"><span style="font-style: italic;">nature </span></a>is available on youtube:<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><object height="255" width="420"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/YgGwBm4HI8Q&hl=de_DE&fs=1&"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/YgGwBm4HI8Q&hl=de_DE&fs=1&" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" height="255" width="420"></embed></object><br /></div><br />References:<br /><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Niedźwiedzki, G., Szrek, P., Narkiewicz, K., Narkiewicz, M., Ahlberg, P.E., 2010: Tetrapod trackways from the early Middle Devonian period of Poland , nature, v. 463, p. 43-48 , doi:<a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v463/n7277/full/nature08623.html">10.1038/nature08623</a>.<br /><br />Daeschler, E.B., Shubin, N.H., Jenkins, F.A.Jr, 2006: A Devonian tetrapod-like fish and the evolution of the tetrapod body plan, Nature, v. 440, p. 757-763, doi: <a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v440/n7085/full/nature04639.html">10.1038/nature04639</a>.</span>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-9013190549878211852009-12-21T10:44:00.000+01:002009-12-21T10:45:16.333+01:00Off-topic: My top records 2009<div style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://schmunda.blogspot.com/2008/12/off-topic-my-top-records-2008.html">Like last year</a>, I would like to ponder on the most exciting records that this year brought to me...<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><br /><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.myspace.com/coalesce">Coalesce</a><span style="font-weight: bold;"> - Ox (relapse records)</span><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;">I always thought they split up some years ago, so I was a little bit surprised as the band announced a new record and a tour this year. I didn’t expected too much because most of such reunion-records are rather lame and bands usually never find their ingenuity of the “early days”. In this case, however, it is not a typical reunion because they just split and re-formed many times. Long story short: Ox (both, Lp and ep) completely blew me away. It’s like taking the best part of every Coalesce release (including their Led Zeppelin cover album) and welding it to a perfect album. They even made it to include clean vocal parts within some songs, which in my view usually appears misplaced in such music. The blunt guitar riffing topped with the acridly barking vocals is typically coalesce but the clean singing and the almost "morriconesque" interludes really make it a special record. I think this is probaly the last Hardcore album that really means something to me.<br /></div><br /><object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/a1QTZKVuEzg&hl=de_DE&fs=1&"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/a1QTZKVuEzg&hl=de_DE&fs=1&" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"></embed></object><br /><br /><br /><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.myspace.com/yourbaroness">Baroness</a><span style="font-weight: bold;"> – Blue Record (relapse records)</span><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;">Gaudiest metal record of all time. Baroness once emerged from a rather rough small cove embedded somewhere between Hardcore/Crust Mountain and a more advanced Heavy Metal Volcano not unlike early Mastodon. At least since their last release “red album” they got a little bit more straight forward and fancy. I don’t mean this in a negative way. The “blue record” follows this path consequently. It twinkles and sparkles with every pearly guitar riff passing your auditory meatus. Not to mention the hymnal vocal parts that instantly reminded me of Hot Water Music. Sometimes, I felt a little embarrassed because some songs are so cheesy but at the same time it sounds amiable and refreshing for this kind of music where every band tries to sound as evil and brutal as possible. This is a honest release of a honest band.<br /></div><br /><br /><object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/8qii59-7JAM&hl=de_DE&fs=1&"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/8qii59-7JAM&hl=de_DE&fs=1&" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"></embed></object><br /><br /><br /><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.myspace.com/batforlashes">Bat for lashes</a><span style="font-weight: bold;"> - Two suns (Emi)</span><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;">I don’t know too much about pop so I can’t present a thorough review like for the records above. This is a very fragile and spooky pop album that was my background music as I walked through summer nights of Zürich.<br /></div><br /><br /><object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/hMzua0mwrVk&hl=de_DE&fs=1&"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/hMzua0mwrVk&hl=de_DE&fs=1&" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"></embed></object><br /></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-8358278383635565432009-12-15T11:20:00.009+01:002009-12-15T14:09:42.125+01:00Run crinoid, run!This one has been posted already here and there on the net and actually, the <a href="http://palaeo-electronica.org/2007_1/crinoid/index.html">paper </a>was published 2.5 years ago. However, this report really surprised me and I want to share my amazement.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://palaeo-electronica.org/2007_1/cover/movie_sm.gif"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 250px; height: 140px;" src="http://palaeo-electronica.org/2007_1/cover/movie_sm.gif" alt="" border="0" /></a><span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:85%;" >Fig. 1: Gif-movie showing crawling crinoid in quick motion.<br />Picture from cover of <a href="http://palaeo-electronica.org/splash/index10_1.html">Palaeontologia Electronica Vol 10/1</a></span><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />Baumiller and Messing (2007) report that extant isocrinids are able to move as fast as 10 - 30 mm per second using their "arms" to crawl over the seafloor (fig. 1). Although some groups of crinoids were suggested and proven to perfom some sort of locomotion, the authors provide evidence for an almost "benthic-vagile" lifestyle of a group of organisms that is largely recognized as de facto sessile.<br /><br />This contribution concerns me for two reasons. First, I am highly interested if there are some trace fossils that were found to represent crinoid locomotion (see fig. 2) and second, the portion of crinoids suggested to apply this kind of locomotion is highest in the Triassic (fig. 3).<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://palaeo-electronica.org/2007_1/crinoid/images/fig5.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 442px; height: 233px;" src="http://palaeo-electronica.org/2007_1/crinoid/images/fig5.jpg" alt="" border="0" /></a><span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:85%;" >Fig. 2: T</span><span style=";font-family:Arial,Geneva;font-size:85%;" >races of <i>Davidaster rubiginosa</i> in a fishtank experiment, scale bar: 20 mm (Baumiller and Messing, 2007).</span><br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://palaeo-electronica.org/2007_1/crinoid/images/fig7.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 366px; height: 186px;" src="http://palaeo-electronica.org/2007_1/crinoid/images/fig7.jpg" alt="" border="0" /></a><span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:85%;" >Fig. 3: Generic diversity of crinoids from Ordovician to modern times. Red bars represent the portion of crinoidtaxa that might have been able to perform the observed mode of locomotion </span><span style=";font-family:Arial,Geneva;font-size:85%;" >(Baumiller and Messing, 2007)</span><span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:85%;" >. </span><br /></div><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-size:100%;"><br />Working in the lower Triassic with a keen interest in ichnology, I will keep this work in my head when returning to the field. Does anybody knows about crinoid trace fossils?<br /><br /></span><br /></span><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Reference</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="http://palaeo-electronica.org/2007_1/crinoid/index.html">Baumiller, T.K., and Messing, C.G., 2007</a>: Stalked Crinoid locomotion, and its ecological and evolutionary implications. Palaeontologia Electronica, v. 10/1. http://palaeo-electronica.org/paleo/2007_1/crinoid/index.html</span><br /></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-87200176006229445322009-11-29T16:31:00.006+01:002009-11-29T17:12:22.073+01:00Hammer Party<div style="text-align: justify;">Sorry, it is Sunday, I finished my tasks scheduled for today (building up an ikea-something) and my significant other is trapped in a synchrotron somewhere in France. Let me dump the internet with useless information (nothing new, actually).<br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSUpx0ybLhHu8AMtJxe0GM6WgVZ7rD77zXrr_EkwNgBGBzuQbY2qCJpBp9ATzkHJHAoFuf-pVW9d030sfjfcRArzja0OxX_3PRExRQpb2kKsW5TBEB7H3lzBJF9li5GspnQTWs5icOg-E/s1600/Eifel.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSUpx0ybLhHu8AMtJxe0GM6WgVZ7rD77zXrr_EkwNgBGBzuQbY2qCJpBp9ATzkHJHAoFuf-pVW9d030sfjfcRArzja0OxX_3PRExRQpb2kKsW5TBEB7H3lzBJF9li5GspnQTWs5icOg-E/s400/Eifel.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5409551427882498962" border="0" /></a>Probably on every student field trip a picture like this is going to be taken. It was a third years field trip, so you still see tools from DIY markets, which are infact unsuitable for torturing rocks. They easily chip. I once shot a fellow student in the leg while I tried to decompose a cherty limestone. Blood everywhere, I tell you. She sued me and I still have to pay her smart money. So get decent gear for fieldwork. Safety first!<br /><br />Some details of the story are exaggerated to justify a blog post but basically it's true.<br /></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-14015851187259602522009-11-29T11:27:00.009+01:002009-11-29T16:04:48.039+01:002012<div style="text-align: justify;">Go and see this movie. Being a geologist, I really enjoyed the part with the Yellowstone eruption (fig. 1). Although 99% of the stuff happening there is far beyond being realistic, the explosion of a caldera appears to be more or less like that (according to what I learned in my volcanics-class). However, the pyroclastic cloud in the movie appears quite comfortable. A real one probably wouldn't release an aircraft that it once caught.<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www-origin.radiobremen.de/fernsehen/ansichten/ansi124_v-slideshow.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 460px; height: 345px;" src="http://www-origin.radiobremen.de/fernsehen/ansichten/ansi124_v-slideshow.jpg" alt="" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 1: Zzzzsch-Kraboom<br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />Apart from the CGI earth decomposition, which is well done, I would recommend to movie directors to throw all this emotional crap away and add self-irony and dirt instead. The pretence to create a movie which tries to sell family-compatible ethics although there is terror and destruction everywhere just doesn't work. All of this pathos really destroyed the movie more than the earth has been destroyed in the movie. Haha, but that's okay, they want to earn money. I understand that.<br /><br />My wish: just show the cool parts and add cool music. I found the following clip on youtube which is pretty close to what I imagine:<br /></div><br /><object height="238" width="392"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/0Ctk5ZUscbI&hl=de_DE&fs=1&"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/0Ctk5ZUscbI&hl=de_DE&fs=1&" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" height="238" width="392"></embed></object>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-9865629421610745472009-11-19T11:07:00.004+01:002009-11-29T16:14:18.263+01:00New old BlogIt is online for quite a while so it is not really new: A blog by Kevin Bylund called <a href="http://ammonoidea.blogspot.com/">Ammonoida</a> which is focused on Cephalopds from the U.S. Kevin joined the <a href="http://schmunda.blogspot.com/2009/11/from-east-coast-to-west-coast.html">recent field trip</a>. He is an Ammonite-specialist and there is probaly no one who knows better about the Geology of Utah and adjoining areas.R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-30185628652371591272009-11-19T09:05:00.021+01:002009-11-20T22:15:42.222+01:00From the east coast to the west coast...<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Recently, I returned from a field trip with American (Jim Jenks and Kevin Bylund) and French (Dr. Arnaud Brayard) Cephalopod researchers. I have been in the south-western U.S. for almost 4 weeks to see the Panthalassian faunas mainly of the Smithian and Spathian (Upper Early Triassic, Olenekian if you want). I've got a lot of things to do right now so I just will post some pictures from the field trip and some ichnologic goodies. Almost everything that is suggested for publication will emerge here (if any) after definite publication. It is not that I am conceited or afraid that someone snitches my ideas but most journals require that the submitted material is not published elsewhere in any form (hence, including blog-posts). In fact, currently I am working on a manuscript on some trace fossils from the Dolomites that I'd love to show you. Anyway back to the U.S. (as always: click to enlarge!):</span><br /></div><span style="font-size:100%;"><br /></span><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivaMnzBS7ilazAC7mE-sBovqPmYJVH8mTQTcaAB0sGQwa5Xa0ZjrZrkq-TOx-Au3e_n13UIxN3sj_fUFFlGSRtMhSiYYw55Uuz3XV32qRl1kThBeWAi5xJBhfA3VWPo4ID2wN1gMUC-Gc/s1600/DSC03511-1.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivaMnzBS7ilazAC7mE-sBovqPmYJVH8mTQTcaAB0sGQwa5Xa0ZjrZrkq-TOx-Au3e_n13UIxN3sj_fUFFlGSRtMhSiYYw55Uuz3XV32qRl1kThBeWAi5xJBhfA3VWPo4ID2wN1gMUC-Gc/s400/DSC03511-1.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405750637179595618" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">The ?Thaynes Formation at the Dog Valley locality (Pahvant Range, central Utah).<br /><br /></span></div><span style=";font-family:";font-size:85%;" lang="EN-GB"><br /></span><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6n6_fCRijpotWMxHVJiVczGfFDusv9ai-DiJ_CCUbFpM0N5Qxxwu1fgbXMGHZ3KYP5zsf9qHMf62bn1M42ENhIw1L1TUwBdXjWGKns07GeH_a8I_a3wpsOjGtWRKsKc3UlUvHTBZW_g0/s1600/USA_PAN_02-a.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 147px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6n6_fCRijpotWMxHVJiVczGfFDusv9ai-DiJ_CCUbFpM0N5Qxxwu1fgbXMGHZ3KYP5zsf9qHMf62bn1M42ENhIw1L1TUwBdXjWGKns07GeH_a8I_a3wpsOjGtWRKsKc3UlUvHTBZW_g0/s400/USA_PAN_02-a.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405735974991284706" border="0" /></a>Our camp with the Thule Valley in the background seen from the Disappointment Hills (Confusion Range, Utah) . The backmost mountains belong to the House Range and are mainly composed of Cambrian sediments.<br /><br /><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPHqvuWaQGmdhIt315a9-eRR7z3L80d8TxH3wWO1AI7_MRWv7IqqhiIYhYE3CBHYCF1Hl0HCvFM_6HyanI93TlobTSZBNOeSb8aBh9iG2pwYoz4t9Ao01sxxVTyoi13_nAf3wnUmgQDVs/s1600/USA_PAN_10.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 93px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPHqvuWaQGmdhIt315a9-eRR7z3L80d8TxH3wWO1AI7_MRWv7IqqhiIYhYE3CBHYCF1Hl0HCvFM_6HyanI93TlobTSZBNOeSb8aBh9iG2pwYoz4t9Ao01sxxVTyoi13_nAf3wnUmgQDVs/s400/USA_PAN_10.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405739583843933874" border="0" /></a>One of the sections at the Disappointment Hills locality. The succession of interest starts at the right with a calcarenitic bed (the bright bedding plane) blanketing a ?permian paleo-relief. The Triassic here is represented by the Thaynes Formation (Smithian and Spathian) .<br /><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzYQcrSAWrA_vFxl57W0jpR435vFDYVn6a5tvm1-5TZaqyOc6g_BO8tT9PPAaVjYDAW0HLzTpP8jFaWa4XYE9q-io8TpL32EEcV37k9NIEVfrykjGqK_d_zmMAPbkosW2G8tQeWogN354/s1600/USA_PAN_11.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 94px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzYQcrSAWrA_vFxl57W0jpR435vFDYVn6a5tvm1-5TZaqyOc6g_BO8tT9PPAaVjYDAW0HLzTpP8jFaWa4XYE9q-io8TpL32EEcV37k9NIEVfrykjGqK_d_zmMAPbkosW2G8tQeWogN354/s400/USA_PAN_11.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405740748385941730" border="0" /></a> Well, the desert can be a lonely place...<br /><br /><br /></span><span style="font-size:85%;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM-ZnU0SmLG9ZNxl17HXzisffRuEp3J9Ai7wFUic9XQxLNwD4VvN1mVrUiXk7anwt0MCqNpIp_nLIBPleVPefC-iIAxkZLvR8Gh7VOUc_hCldZxuXZs_vf7d5DZ-AOYE3UPo7I_hXghGE/s1600/DSC03647.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM-ZnU0SmLG9ZNxl17HXzisffRuEp3J9Ai7wFUic9XQxLNwD4VvN1mVrUiXk7anwt0MCqNpIp_nLIBPleVPefC-iIAxkZLvR8Gh7VOUc_hCldZxuXZs_vf7d5DZ-AOYE3UPo7I_hXghGE/s400/DSC03647.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405735947982277394" border="0" /></a>...but furry guests show up from time to time.<br /><br /></span></div><span style=";font-family:";font-size:85%;" lang="EN-GB"><br /></span><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTGZHBuJs3RsykAVOZxeg_63Px19QwuTR5QIl0tNwUaSp_BRez8uDA7hm9ptakP6a8uYW_9FHguHPfktcca7hL6BAq7mhM97BlfETqIW7XgURmmUgyWJOFKK5pVZj1MYm4DWeqcRvvA6o/s1600/USA_PAN_09.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 174px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTGZHBuJs3RsykAVOZxeg_63Px19QwuTR5QIl0tNwUaSp_BRez8uDA7hm9ptakP6a8uYW_9FHguHPfktcca7hL6BAq7mhM97BlfETqIW7XgURmmUgyWJOFKK5pVZj1MYm4DWeqcRvvA6o/s400/USA_PAN_09.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405739383753918978" border="0" /></a>Thats a locality called Smiths Phalen Ranch near Currie (Nevada). See the post on <a href="http://ammonoidea.blogspot.com/2009/10/early-triassic-anasibirites-beds.html">Ammonoidea</a>.<br /><br /><br /></span><span style="font-size:85%;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgc3jl4TZ08L5znFC9eJazVjVVZkSnEiLDk8egl7VZnNJhYb6tpu9s8KxLkuG05JsfFRcbpXTjWlelxuT3b6FvoueWG5MAgjHH_OCa2YVtm0BeFl0X__TgVkFF4yz3_Ta2ozyzzmA_zF28/s1600/DSC03724.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgc3jl4TZ08L5znFC9eJazVjVVZkSnEiLDk8egl7VZnNJhYb6tpu9s8KxLkuG05JsfFRcbpXTjWlelxuT3b6FvoueWG5MAgjHH_OCa2YVtm0BeFl0X__TgVkFF4yz3_Ta2ozyzzmA_zF28/s400/DSC03724.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405735953503336994" border="0" /></a>"Superb" outrcop conditions in NE-Nevada (Winecup Ranch, or something). We weren't even sure if its Lower Triassic at all.<br /><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS39Cq81p7LC0stJhJIPNK3JveW05OHnm2WwljTqGFIv6BtlwDlFm0d5u0DUk9OiP_CN99mPQkmAkabMSjaqKOGC_Wpm7iPAO9kGcPQyj8kY3M-9KbeWo1n1hFSpaivMFkshYXCF0IalE/s1600/USA_PAN_14-a.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 186px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS39Cq81p7LC0stJhJIPNK3JveW05OHnm2WwljTqGFIv6BtlwDlFm0d5u0DUk9OiP_CN99mPQkmAkabMSjaqKOGC_Wpm7iPAO9kGcPQyj8kY3M-9KbeWo1n1hFSpaivMFkshYXCF0IalE/s400/USA_PAN_14-a.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405740750050857538" border="0" /></a>The morning after a 25°C drop in temperature.<br /><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1YSyd5MyOxYpPi-CfYv1IY-5cwaLFbjLhqwE4B_fB3s7yAVcyziy_oMOZsb-sdGQzuldNnaKul4d97TG__aG-FQWj8pSV3kuxLA9_OZO8tr1Gjtoc-1TbsGkrhS9uVgWaIEd8IIfuG0A/s1600/USA_PAN_05.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 106px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1YSyd5MyOxYpPi-CfYv1IY-5cwaLFbjLhqwE4B_fB3s7yAVcyziy_oMOZsb-sdGQzuldNnaKul4d97TG__aG-FQWj8pSV3kuxLA9_OZO8tr1Gjtoc-1TbsGkrhS9uVgWaIEd8IIfuG0A/s400/USA_PAN_05.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405738618550669010" border="0" /></a>The Spathian Virgin Member (stratigraphic nomenclature is debated, some researcher refer to the Vrgin Limestone Formation) near Hurricane. Basically, a shale interbedded with a series of prominent limestone ledges.<br /><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzjF8GML76LQkIZwUrYajh_ttnYlWSF2PCNnQzL9KBDW6bC38L4nek5RcIT4mGdAIsh2CAp-QeuW_kD-INQGINa3vy7W9j3kdBIuc9dVOqL3xZD5FseDlChZL3PnXtMG_vwNsM6AKW0F0/s1600/USA_PAN_06.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 136px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzjF8GML76LQkIZwUrYajh_ttnYlWSF2PCNnQzL9KBDW6bC38L4nek5RcIT4mGdAIsh2CAp-QeuW_kD-INQGINa3vy7W9j3kdBIuc9dVOqL3xZD5FseDlChZL3PnXtMG_vwNsM6AKW0F0/s400/USA_PAN_06.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405738900275449938" border="0" /></a>The lowermost of such "ledges", here very variable in thickness. It pinches out towards the left. I think it represents an estaury filling incisions in the underlying terrestrial red beds. The base of the Virgin member is highly variable in facies. It must have been a very dissected coastline with shoals, tidal flats, lagoons and estuaries. Honey Moon Trail east of the Hurricane cliffs.<br /><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3AG-zAW5gd9pytLbBuj1Oyg2EHREBR56HLfqFyfZkhvtXRj2Q3j_ERQErHN5RQarF1R9gBvXRmkc3NrAl_T_qIVqfH4o7uI9SQOukRw3mIPnczOs7b-tmrTmLu9ewBaOmO0TTHfXBf-0/s1600/USA_PAN_07.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 112px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3AG-zAW5gd9pytLbBuj1Oyg2EHREBR56HLfqFyfZkhvtXRj2Q3j_ERQErHN5RQarF1R9gBvXRmkc3NrAl_T_qIVqfH4o7uI9SQOukRw3mIPnczOs7b-tmrTmLu9ewBaOmO0TTHfXBf-0/s400/USA_PAN_07.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405739215668176050" border="0" /></a>The same little mesa showing the prominent pinch-out towards the left.<br /><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhogWMdsbsWNHXQL2f3R1uFEKKD05r1CQefVFEdNi3cCquVWuPGfbat6juxCq5JDSOgLa0NIftVxx6UTctPQDoxRau90WDOwoe_70CwbBA8nsKcPyVaI3bVJqEFhhlzZf-WxVSSPAH-JKs/s1600/DSC03857.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 267px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhogWMdsbsWNHXQL2f3R1uFEKKD05r1CQefVFEdNi3cCquVWuPGfbat6juxCq5JDSOgLa0NIftVxx6UTctPQDoxRau90WDOwoe_70CwbBA8nsKcPyVaI3bVJqEFhhlzZf-WxVSSPAH-JKs/s400/DSC03857.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405741203347833106" border="0" /></a>The Hurricane Cliffs east of Hurricane (Utah).<br /><br /><br /></span><span style="font-size:85%;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgir49dkT1IPAuevKWfuVgVAJ6_CwB7v7OPamDH0XSFGNeQDKbMscMGVmy62UBTeQU2TInZA_vHZUhyphenhyphen5gMYHXTD8pk1AScbmjjDjRdKMXv7iAub6H1hRDWtuJftOxOMJYPNoku8EkdRy10/s1600/DSC03836-1+copy.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgir49dkT1IPAuevKWfuVgVAJ6_CwB7v7OPamDH0XSFGNeQDKbMscMGVmy62UBTeQU2TInZA_vHZUhyphenhyphen5gMYHXTD8pk1AScbmjjDjRdKMXv7iAub6H1hRDWtuJftOxOMJYPNoku8EkdRy10/s400/DSC03836-1+copy.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405735961035322258" border="0" /></a>So called "wrinkle structures". Little pseudo ripples which are formed by microbial mats. It is considered as an "anachronistic" facies showing up in areas or times when grazing and bioturbation in general is dramatically reduced due to nonexistence of grazers and burrowers (Lower Cambrian) or as a result of a previous massive extinction (Lower Triassic). If you are interested read <a href="http://geology.gsapubs.org/content/32/5/461.abstract?sid=707ffed4-f778-495f-af8a-f9f0c5afb4a1">Pruss et al. 2004</a> for instance.<br /><br /><br /></span><span style="font-size:85%;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXGrHhyphenhyphenH1yRHI2oXfUU7nw_PhvzM1vFloogABK1zAfNWYr6Cwp_pgPC-Dp7J2Lj3u29HnU5YvxLtGB9XVaz36PkhaqD3vBV4BH8DYMk06iUvp9ABn4sTNsI8-zyFODdmpR7Tpxc7whWp8/s1600/DSC03901-a+copy.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXGrHhyphenhyphenH1yRHI2oXfUU7nw_PhvzM1vFloogABK1zAfNWYr6Cwp_pgPC-Dp7J2Lj3u29HnU5YvxLtGB9XVaz36PkhaqD3vBV4BH8DYMk06iUvp9ABn4sTNsI8-zyFODdmpR7Tpxc7whWp8/s400/DSC03901-a+copy.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405735966828966498" border="0" /></a>An ichnologic goodie: <span style="font-style: italic;">Cruziana </span>in the lower Triassic. Usually, <span style="font-style: italic;">Cruziana </span>is suggested to have been produced by Trilobites. As they went extinct in the course of the end-Permian mass extinction, similar structures can be obviously produced by someone else. A paper dealing with this topic is <a href="http://palaios.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/17/5/435">Zonneveld et al. 2002</a>. The occurence reported in that reference is dated to the Middle Triassic. So my specimen (Spathian Virgin Member) should be the earliest large <span style="font-style:italic;">Cruziana</span> after the end-Permian Mass extinction found so far. Well, the photographed specimen is not the whole story and I hope I can come back to this one when we have better data and a publication.<br /><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2JPLy5qXb8Nr5q5Bot21f6X5zR7bCSlGJsUBGXUjSF4CJAJ7BjCoQBskaPrM5nwkxPdp_2Q58Pe-Dj1PJj1Pw7mqDb1ljmc_D7EfZOvafa06LCdhfCXSJtS0ggtD7WS81djgh41gDMlg/s1600/DSC03768.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2JPLy5qXb8Nr5q5Bot21f6X5zR7bCSlGJsUBGXUjSF4CJAJ7BjCoQBskaPrM5nwkxPdp_2Q58Pe-Dj1PJj1Pw7mqDb1ljmc_D7EfZOvafa06LCdhfCXSJtS0ggtD7WS81djgh41gDMlg/s400/DSC03768.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5405741198557996082" border="0" /></a>Me and my little clam truck.</span><br /><br /><div style="text-align: left;">References<br /><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Pruss S. B., Fraiser M. L., Bottjer D. J. 2004: The proliferation of Early Triassic wrinkle structures: implications for environmental stress following the end-Permian mass extinction. Geology, 32, 461–464.<br /><br />Zonneveld J. P., Pemberton S. G., Saunders T. D. A., Pickerill R. K., 2002: Large, Robust Cruziana from the Middle Triassic of Northeastern British Columbia: Ethologic, Biostratigraphic, and Paleobiologic Significance. Palaios, 17, 435-448.</span> </div></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-4225325400846332852009-09-16T21:06:00.006+02:002009-11-20T09:19:15.852+01:00Back to the field, yeehaa<div style="text-align: justify;">Recently, I have been busy to finish a poster for the meeting of the german palaeontological association (see the german website <a href="http://www.palges2009.uni-bonn.de/">here</a>). Furthermore, I just finished a manuscript, which is suggested to be submitted as soon as I am back from the field.<br /><br />I am going to the see Lower Triassic of panthalassian shallow marine environments involving the Thaynes Formation and the Dinwoody Formation in the "Confusion Range" of western Utah. There are localities like "disappointment hills" and "cowboy pass". Sounds pretty "amazing", does'nt it, haha! I will join a team of French and American researchers. For the last 10 days, I will be on my own down in southwest Utah to see the Virgin Limestone (sounds better). I Hope to be back on 13th of october.<br /></div><br /><object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/JaNogNtT0zA&hl=de_DE&fs=1&"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/JaNogNtT0zA&hl=de_DE&fs=1&" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"></embed></object><br />I will listen to this one constantly, all the time, no kidding!R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-5969963625319773322009-08-10T13:11:00.010+02:002009-08-10T21:26:55.710+02:00South Tyrol/ Italy II (July/ August, 2009)<div style="text-align: justify;">I am just back from a short 9 day field session again in the Dolomites. We completed the documentation of the Werfen Formation at the San Pellegrino and started to log and sample an additional section at the Rosengarten/ Catinaccio with some surprising results. I will get back to it later when I have a sound database. Just for the record: trace fossils are awesome. Haha.<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE786Fg5hATKrksjIrTUWRk6bR2SbL0gOJnulFRdZILjltOWRcxZ6Dh7DucA3sOxaxdZp45c6w25oUFtLtHqxjMz3_2RF6X6tuCPaPdBo0wBOuD3m1ka-Zw8YWih5gQg7CxxFBHqOyJWA/s1600-h/RG-section.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 219px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE786Fg5hATKrksjIrTUWRk6bR2SbL0gOJnulFRdZILjltOWRcxZ6Dh7DucA3sOxaxdZp45c6w25oUFtLtHqxjMz3_2RF6X6tuCPaPdBo0wBOuD3m1ka-Zw8YWih5gQg7CxxFBHqOyJWA/s400/RG-section.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5368334570739804706" border="0" /></a>The Rosengarten/Catinaccio section exposing the lower Werfen Formation (<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE786Fg5hATKrksjIrTUWRk6bR2SbL0gOJnulFRdZILjltOWRcxZ6Dh7DucA3sOxaxdZp45c6w25oUFtLtHqxjMz3_2RF6X6tuCPaPdBo0wBOuD3m1ka-Zw8YWih5gQg7CxxFBHqOyJWA/s1600-h/RG-section.jpg">click to enlarge</a>). Not to scale due to perspective distortion in the upper part. Whole outcrop represents approximately 90 metres of exposed strata. Oh, I forgot to indicate that the extinction level roughly represents the Permian-Triassic boundary.<br /></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-30909275580914701422009-07-28T12:56:00.013+02:002009-07-28T15:53:25.486+02:00Trace fossil of the second III: Asteriacites lumbricalis<div style="text-align: justify;">The <a href="http://schmunda.blogspot.com/search/label/Trace%20fossil%20of%20the%20second">Tfots</a> today is <span style="font-style: italic;">Asteriacites lumbricalis</span> von Schlotheim, 1820, a resting trace produced by the (in)activity of ophiuroid echinoderms or brittle stars (Twitchett & Wignall 1996). I took these photographs from material found on the slopes of <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuhY2LJG-EIO65jNSln9soFYE8bM9Qpz5VjPCsvkZPUQlhgbc4gnOOt3Gc16kdawwxsxbzGR5VTMROYPf9jR9NPk2VdKQOUFSlYCsxDm9GhgqapvOfdhsqRzQZ2k9pRahMSzH8zw97oTU/s1600/tirol_05_2009+(12).JPG">Costabella</a> mountain in the Dolomites. These slabs are float from an outcrop exposing the Campil Member of the middle Werfen Formation (Lower Triassic, Early Olenekian). These trace are quite widespread in this member and known for more than a hundred years although they were erroneously recognised as body fossils in the first place (e.g. Wittenburg 1908). They come from more or less storm-dominated shoreface deposits composed of micaceous fine-grained sandstones and siltstones.<br /><br />Thanks to a comment by <a href="http://rockglacier.blogspot.com/">David</a>, I hoped to see some decent specimens during the recent <a href="http://schmunda.blogspot.com/2009/07/south-tyrol-italy-may-2009.htm">field session</a> and finally I was really lucky finding these well-preserved traces at the last day of the campaign. I never saw better ones at least in the literature so far.<br /></div><br /><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAd80EIuBPjthm7-NhZlEP-J89a0KvZMpCKGsQr9I4qorg0v_gLbGr3Ln_iFxixoTh4uBk8Oh3UHbyDdkovdo_sjVnbvImPfTFXLDZ7iiEKfP_6u98-Nzy1JqBnZQf7-BkklCMJTlwfQI/s1600-h/astera_lumb_01.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 222px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAd80EIuBPjthm7-NhZlEP-J89a0KvZMpCKGsQr9I4qorg0v_gLbGr3Ln_iFxixoTh4uBk8Oh3UHbyDdkovdo_sjVnbvImPfTFXLDZ7iiEKfP_6u98-Nzy1JqBnZQf7-BkklCMJTlwfQI/s400/astera_lumb_01.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5363463518501421842" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 1: <span style="font-style: italic;">Asteriacites lumbricalis</span> preserved as convex hyporelief (positive structure on a lower bedding plane). Black bar represents 5 mm.<br /><br /></span></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPse7BUmxEUQCpznsQY3EtC5zvAkkr1_WdQte_DnNUPGFElAiwW6BaRqjTYHqvnGpUR3LmydFBsAUmDjIp8nBJ0oorzcA43MZA-dn0Gwck49X5gZMAedNj_Hg4JZUVl6Vknhy42721zEM/s1600-h/astera_lumb_02.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 393px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPse7BUmxEUQCpznsQY3EtC5zvAkkr1_WdQte_DnNUPGFElAiwW6BaRqjTYHqvnGpUR3LmydFBsAUmDjIp8nBJ0oorzcA43MZA-dn0Gwck49X5gZMAedNj_Hg4JZUVl6Vknhy42721zEM/s400/astera_lumb_02.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5363463522404532498" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 2: <span style="font-style: italic;">Asteriacites lumbricalis</span> preserved as concave epirelief (negative structure on an upper bedding plane). Black bar represents 5 mm. Note the ripple-marks.<br /><br /><br /><br /></span><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-size:100%;">References: </span></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a name="27"></a></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="http://books.google.ch/books/download/Die_petrefactenkunde_auf_ihrem_jetzigen_.pdf?id=_AwAAAAAQAAJ&output=pdf&sig=ACfU3U1G5gyzv1L_WektWwWcmmDY0mwasg">Schlothheim, E.F. von, 1820:</a> Petrefactenkunde auf ihrem jetzigen Standpunktedes Thier- und Pflanzenreichs der Vorwelt. Gotha, Becker, 437 p. </span> durch die Beschreibung seiner Sammlung versteinerter und fossiler überreste.<br /><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V6R-4GJM53H-1&_user=5294990&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=968065197&_rerunOrigin=scholar.google&_acct=C000049009&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=5294990&md5=4502e0eef725747f37d6b0444645cf8c">Twitchett, R.J., Wignall, P.B., 1996: </a>Trace fossils and the aftermath of the Permo-Triassic mass extinction: evidence from northern Italy. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 124, 137–152.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Wittenburg, P. von, 1908: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Werfener Schichten Südtirols.</span><span style="font-size:85%;"> Geologische und Palaeontologische Abhandlungen 8, 251–289.</span><br /></div><br /><br /></div></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-45502127279270944082009-07-15T15:34:00.008+02:002009-07-16T08:18:28.045+02:00Christian nonsensPlease excuse me for lowering the level of this blog (it's almost on sea bottom anyway) but the following story teased me.<br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />Recently, I attended a christian presentation showing a little movie "Die Millionen fehlen" (the millions are missing). For those who speak/understand German may follow the YouTube-links below.<br /><br />Such creationists/young earth-"scientist" documentaries are widespread and I usually ignore them or watch them just for amusement. The whole presentation was more a sermon than a movie with subsequent discussion. I was really disappointed in almost every aspect.<br /><br />In the first place the announced coffee buffet was not as rewarding as expected, which essentially is a mistake on my part. The movie and the arguments to support a young earth were pretty bad and it was one of the worst creationist movie I had ever seen. After the presentation there was a preacher talking about the usual Christian stuff and I do not dislike it a priori. But one thing really annoyed me: He said that even every child is a sinner and will only find redemption in the acceptance of Jesus. Holy Crap! Although I know about protestant Religion (I am baptised and confirmed but I don't give a crap) I never expected such a harsh statement. It really came obvious to me (for the first time) how sick this stuff is. I already read Dawkins "the God Delusion" but I felt quite distraught to experience from first hand how serious people are about that.<br /><br />After the show, I strolled around, enjoyed the coffee and one guy (same age as me) approached me and asked me who I am and what I felt during the ceremony. I am a very polite guy and I didn't start a religion-is-stupid-discussion. I really wanted to know what he thinks about the movie because I know plenty of religious people who are convinced that creationism is just weird drivel, so I was interested in his position. He was that kind of "every word in the bible is true"-guy accordingly the earth can't be as old as scientists say. I replied, well, you may be right but I can easily disprove the hypotheses supported in the movie with simple considerations that students learn in their first year. So my central question was why do you think those “scientists” are right although every evidence points against those hypotheses. The main pitfall and most hypocritical statement of the movie was the following: The bible doesn’t provide answers for every aspect of the world. But this doesn’t means automatically that it (the bible) is wrong. However, this is exactly the reproach of creationists to scientists. Something like: Science is not able to explain everything, accordingly science is wrong because religion does so.<br /><br /><br /></div><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWt1vwzW9F9b7vhB_5_Fg-anWeOrDLf0KoTMSrhwKIeTeM_G8mtP4lc3Pi-7kllidLE7h6aeaMzOPiQnVkaDUoGVCFFsi6dnF1hr_HYFyiM9Vv5eI9EjBT_e_OlIZlecTRZ7dcfrkMSjo/s1600-h/why-does-it-glow-jesus.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 350px; height: 274px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWt1vwzW9F9b7vhB_5_Fg-anWeOrDLf0KoTMSrhwKIeTeM_G8mtP4lc3Pi-7kllidLE7h6aeaMzOPiQnVkaDUoGVCFFsi6dnF1hr_HYFyiM9Vv5eI9EjBT_e_OlIZlecTRZ7dcfrkMSjo/s400/why-does-it-glow-jesus.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5358752876930146290" border="0" /></a><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 1: The proof that Jesus doesn't know anything. </span><br /></div><br />My reply to such stupid "arguments" is that this is (to quote Dawkins) the beauty of science. If everything would be solved no further research is needed. So shut down all universities and go home. Furthermore the bible or God doesn't explain how evolution works. How the first cell evolved or how it "has been built" (see fig. 1). None of the big questions is answered with God. The guy said ok but my "considerations" are biased because I attended non-religious schools and I didn't experience the truth as offered by Jesus blablabla. Paradoxically, he admitted that the world is constrained by the laws of nature. But when it comes to evolution he just don't believe in what science found out. Here I wondered why, why, why, creationists always exclude evolution, palaeontology and biological research from natural science?<br /><br />After 90 minutes or so we came to an end and he said that I may be right but if God doesn't exists and the bible is just a nice book like any others what justifies his moral behaviour? So he can start killing and plundering because it doesn't matters at all. How fucked-up is this opinion? I mean (its so trivial, I know!) do we need an ancient book filled to its half with blood and punishment to know how to behave in the modern world? The next point is that he believes (as the protestant followers in general do) from his heart and soul that Jesus was sent to our world to suffer for our sins in advance. If Jesus took all the burden of humanity’s sins so all what you have to do is to confess your sins to god and you will be saved? This is the point where you can just go and kill people isn’t it?. Jesus was a very nice guy and took the load already. Just confess it and everything will be fine. This really is beyond any logic.<br /><br />To come to and end. I never felt more dismayed about people that should know better.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;">Amen.<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/q8G-XaxO-7I&hl=de&fs=1&"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/q8G-XaxO-7I&hl=de&fs=1&" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"></embed></object><br /></div></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-13067133653113154922009-07-10T15:10:00.026+02:002009-08-10T15:31:46.359+02:00South Tyrol/ Italy I (May, 2009)<div style="text-align: justify;">Here are some rather touristic impressions from the field campaign (click on the pcitures to enlarge). The task of the first session was to find appropriate sections...<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhE70vfSPw77ooXNWl1tAtYWxmRO7RcEXfbFMzPxffZ0Ihc_wnFYCQPHMmRy6qI_UKm-X2LGXLdOp4xqS9unLUQUCXmWMnVxY0VVqItJtLGe7K-0Te5e3GBMIqY7ZRPD-kCi3661XYGJ7c/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2825%29.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 192px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhE70vfSPw77ooXNWl1tAtYWxmRO7RcEXfbFMzPxffZ0Ihc_wnFYCQPHMmRy6qI_UKm-X2LGXLdOp4xqS9unLUQUCXmWMnVxY0VVqItJtLGe7K-0Te5e3GBMIqY7ZRPD-kCi3661XYGJ7c/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2825%29.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356831203651391890" border="0" /></a>The <span style="font-style: italic;">Peitlerkofel </span>(<i>Sas de Pütia</i>) as seen from "Würzjoch". As you see there is still plenty of snow in May. We were'nt able to document a section here. The reddish/grey slope in the foreground is Grödner Sandstein Formation (Permian). Terrestrial plain and river sediments. The Permian Bellerophon Formation and the Permotriassic Werfen Formation is well-covered with snow.<br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmE6Tm0tTMoLpzwddeCWlfliaQTCL54cTH7dGm1T2F1pmuLPj6w2rQP9V9L3WhaFk18PIGrJu7ATtYTP_E2b4QANUiI_e60VI2gQP0xnvLlxPrzC6_gloejMJlcjS2oNsvrFZp17b20fk/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%287%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmE6Tm0tTMoLpzwddeCWlfliaQTCL54cTH7dGm1T2F1pmuLPj6w2rQP9V9L3WhaFk18PIGrJu7ATtYTP_E2b4QANUiI_e60VI2gQP0xnvLlxPrzC6_gloejMJlcjS2oNsvrFZp17b20fk/s400/tirol_05_2009+%287%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356824368826399394" border="0" /></a>The Permian Grödner Sandstein of the Bletterbachschlucht. Supervisor for scale in the lower left. This is a spectacular gorge. Unfortunately the upper part of the canyon was not accessible due to floods earlier this year. So we did'nt see the P/T boundary below the <span style="font-style: italic;">Weisshorn</span>.<br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-DsUzk8SxoF4vQ0zXDRXswaFkiznyHM91YTQcrf5De_nfEgu1t6tgjVqfpSFVK4mzRthBHKh_4zIVdiXBNEcj4f9k_IglEv9CmeHOr85zmlHRd5IkhM-MiE0X6dOtlyyvXWyi2yvHtz8/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2818%29.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-DsUzk8SxoF4vQ0zXDRXswaFkiznyHM91YTQcrf5De_nfEgu1t6tgjVqfpSFVK4mzRthBHKh_4zIVdiXBNEcj4f9k_IglEv9CmeHOr85zmlHRd5IkhM-MiE0X6dOtlyyvXWyi2yvHtz8/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2818%29.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356825213927368146" border="0" /></a>The Werfen Formation below <span style="font-style: italic;">Cimon della Pala</span> at Passo di Rolle. In fact a nice outcrop but very risky when it comes to sampling and documenting the section.<br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYDQBE5037ThG0dSPoFcPTZA4_UUPZNM-MU-zeErr3VmiAlosfNcA2YLhRoBi5pIcR4QNCJIWmJWgGRCzya4jqjvsvOtzwpvOoUkRFu2eqdIWyFeZXz3k2mir8AV8XO2mwYrzUeNIeDAs/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2816%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYDQBE5037ThG0dSPoFcPTZA4_UUPZNM-MU-zeErr3VmiAlosfNcA2YLhRoBi5pIcR4QNCJIWmJWgGRCzya4jqjvsvOtzwpvOoUkRFu2eqdIWyFeZXz3k2mir8AV8XO2mwYrzUeNIeDAs/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2816%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356825205587403026" border="0" /></a>Me on the way to <span style="font-style: italic;">Cima dell Uomo</span> above Passo San Pellegrino. Snow everywere.<br /><br /></div><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisLg1hezPXAB9UTYMeN6T03FBmh0C11wKajre1m_119YtHD2yEdOYyeFe-m0D_got7OxKF2eVzh6OD0SeQtxD9tJ8tnqUkslagHv6XTc_BvU_Fwv9paAwDaYhJdSJgKRJQnNPkCRKqi4U/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2815%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisLg1hezPXAB9UTYMeN6T03FBmh0C11wKajre1m_119YtHD2yEdOYyeFe-m0D_got7OxKF2eVzh6OD0SeQtxD9tJ8tnqUkslagHv6XTc_BvU_Fwv9paAwDaYhJdSJgKRJQnNPkCRKqi4U/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2815%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356824761242654162" border="0" /></a>The Bellerophon Formation at the slopes of the <span style="font-style: italic;">Aferer Geisler</span> seen from the Günther Messner Steig.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5e_weJ5uAKz-rcg8kc5SpoigqXwUKLp_7vQhCc9EvDaxuKJR7E3hV5_174bXF4EuZi3npEb9sPwYcVF3bnt54cdAhCUnn72RGuEsFwoVfBuGvc0xdTi_rD1HB00TUGf7GJj3Lx7VAMaw/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2814%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5e_weJ5uAKz-rcg8kc5SpoigqXwUKLp_7vQhCc9EvDaxuKJR7E3hV5_174bXF4EuZi3npEb9sPwYcVF3bnt54cdAhCUnn72RGuEsFwoVfBuGvc0xdTi_rD1HB00TUGf7GJj3Lx7VAMaw/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2814%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356824753545527218" border="0" /></a>Me for scale at the Val Badia Member (Werfen Fm.), Val a Averta<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjq5bJhyZ7oc7Q5n8EqMPfLVO_BnmDbGiTeinMitXYtKAWwDfKIQppyAdnMvkl01GrdQpqsCQZ7U72uKr8hNFFE_Da9GuHJ3hxSlpbaCkhcYc353J2xoCowD7qp27U6Q-VS50n6Crdhoaw/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2813%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjq5bJhyZ7oc7Q5n8EqMPfLVO_BnmDbGiTeinMitXYtKAWwDfKIQppyAdnMvkl01GrdQpqsCQZ7U72uKr8hNFFE_Da9GuHJ3hxSlpbaCkhcYc353J2xoCowD7qp27U6Q-VS50n6Crdhoaw/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2813%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356824747752022754" border="0" /></a>Packing samples after 5 days of work at the Aferer Geisler section.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJMgLrBo49FRjvwf1YrO-hJvmacOC59gtM1ZHSOauzNlNdzpH_EZsKgwNZfQhpLOGdGbRi-6OTCYsL-ptVHHBqz1pmq9PdsTbVEsiE5bJhWAyZZ_aH1pCzzvU4E0ksy78uaKEV36R5GSQ/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%285%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJMgLrBo49FRjvwf1YrO-hJvmacOC59gtM1ZHSOauzNlNdzpH_EZsKgwNZfQhpLOGdGbRi-6OTCYsL-ptVHHBqz1pmq9PdsTbVEsiE5bJhWAyZZ_aH1pCzzvU4E0ksy78uaKEV36R5GSQ/s400/tirol_05_2009+%285%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356823973215998738" border="0" /></a>The upper 30 metres or so of the Aferer Geisler section (Seis Member). Supervisor (black something) for scale somewhere in the lower left.<br /><br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAKnwZfPbUwyMA6GBo79dvq4APMif334oLzmNEgaaDzzCVALGXJZ6iu6GEEuB89pHh8qOFYtUdSvtYW2u5su2ntYALgihyphenhyphen3ZRUKpNhmJDJH9NfK1N_ZDqSGLjDryYeOBlqXjUk34v4ydE/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%286%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 267px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAKnwZfPbUwyMA6GBo79dvq4APMif334oLzmNEgaaDzzCVALGXJZ6iu6GEEuB89pHh8qOFYtUdSvtYW2u5su2ntYALgihyphenhyphen3ZRUKpNhmJDJH9NfK1N_ZDqSGLjDryYeOBlqXjUk34v4ydE/s400/tirol_05_2009+%286%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356824360228238018" border="0" /></a>The lower Werfen (from lower right to upper left): Mazzin Member, Andraz Horizon Member, Seis Member, ?Gastropod Oolith Member and Campil Member (red). The photo is taken from the slopes between <span style="font-style: italic;">Cima dell Oumo</span> and <span style="font-style: italic;">Costabella </span>(Passo San Pellegrino).<br /></div><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuhY2LJG-EIO65jNSln9soFYE8bM9Qpz5VjPCsvkZPUQlhgbc4gnOOt3Gc16kdawwxsxbzGR5VTMROYPf9jR9NPk2VdKQOUFSlYCsxDm9GhgqapvOfdhsqRzQZ2k9pRahMSzH8zw97oTU/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2812%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuhY2LJG-EIO65jNSln9soFYE8bM9Qpz5VjPCsvkZPUQlhgbc4gnOOt3Gc16kdawwxsxbzGR5VTMROYPf9jR9NPk2VdKQOUFSlYCsxDm9GhgqapvOfdhsqRzQZ2k9pRahMSzH8zw97oTU/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2812%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356824731970260882" border="0" /></a>The upper Werfen below Costabella. It does'nt look spectacular but it is the best outcrop seen so far to see the complete upper Werfen Formation without breaking my neck. It is just too far to identify the members from this perspective.<br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUkuAhA1d6D8DcuzSlDHtqVX9w8l-6FS30jnnF0aQ1bVWZvUX0tMWZylnHzBpT8R64UqeiDhXodN3fv8JebW2eYQKOiDdryVOd_8GHteMKqTGoTFlDuBUUlQo2CiawNAZUYMMbQ1roIdQ/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%284%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUkuAhA1d6D8DcuzSlDHtqVX9w8l-6FS30jnnF0aQ1bVWZvUX0tMWZylnHzBpT8R64UqeiDhXodN3fv8JebW2eYQKOiDdryVOd_8GHteMKqTGoTFlDuBUUlQo2CiawNAZUYMMbQ1roIdQ/s400/tirol_05_2009+%284%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356823964875584322" border="0" /></a>These dudes saved my life several times i guess.<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj87gyWQcvcNVAkWJJUvaG52Jppu2Z7QaeZCHPNqLjlp3aCFO3KpYHIx1PZkFao_wxidFhiTq1koJqiBSeoYgx4R7wbWUIMrbBIE-d4bpRf8HYeM_4jNpDrkuXrtnHCUXkvrHTfJu7x7f4/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%283%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj87gyWQcvcNVAkWJJUvaG52Jppu2Z7QaeZCHPNqLjlp3aCFO3KpYHIx1PZkFao_wxidFhiTq1koJqiBSeoYgx4R7wbWUIMrbBIE-d4bpRf8HYeM_4jNpDrkuXrtnHCUXkvrHTfJu7x7f4/s400/tirol_05_2009+%283%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356823953703519682" border="0" /></a>There it is: The End-Permian Extinction level at <span style="font-style: italic;">Rosengarten/</span><i>Catinaccio</i>. The lower bed is full of shelly fossils whilst the upper bed is devoid of life. Certainly, you can see such contrasts in other settings as well merely due to facies change or something but the following beds yield almost no fossils. Some authors refer to the "End Permian Death Zone".<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_gUN2TzVEPE5AMUGFFI8Sva9LDnK5PZ_UNTQQg0dcyc-Eb3LlHpz65iSHGnm0IlzegjcNHAF2wUiX88jBPlqMr5D30HP1yKipRs7SNGrXT7mqGlartLDrbBtJ7bZRKUewIQxXEOsD3JA/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%282%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_gUN2TzVEPE5AMUGFFI8Sva9LDnK5PZ_UNTQQg0dcyc-Eb3LlHpz65iSHGnm0IlzegjcNHAF2wUiX88jBPlqMr5D30HP1yKipRs7SNGrXT7mqGlartLDrbBtJ7bZRKUewIQxXEOsD3JA/s400/tirol_05_2009+%282%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356823952594968978" border="0" /></a>Trees.<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3MdoijBWy6XJyqImi3oVAl-YH6RrST_ySzy_XM3PcLZAccykspIV1bUfAgRXDn5TMMg6kuHL7eOHWmdhxJQAZAMb0kxSjb2ZgWuaBv5WWZtWKDKX7MeT6LEiKY0aNTMiqM8NQez6fbnI/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2811%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3MdoijBWy6XJyqImi3oVAl-YH6RrST_ySzy_XM3PcLZAccykspIV1bUfAgRXDn5TMMg6kuHL7eOHWmdhxJQAZAMb0kxSjb2ZgWuaBv5WWZtWKDKX7MeT6LEiKY0aNTMiqM8NQez6fbnI/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2811%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356824719448895442" border="0" /></a><span style="font-style: italic;">Cimon della Pala </span>seen from Val Venegia.<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWNlhzTk_1Q6l0SJi1qN3n_BJLgQHxH-C95wtVqyu5kI7mgneSiFNrNDbBq_-Cg4ajQ_axiJxaB4ucd1lwdH0QgSC-UNd3FFeRg8sZBhy-wQ3NwCAHPkI9lf4lnTfqnRJElySAQrdU-w0/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%281%29.JPG"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWNlhzTk_1Q6l0SJi1qN3n_BJLgQHxH-C95wtVqyu5kI7mgneSiFNrNDbBq_-Cg4ajQ_axiJxaB4ucd1lwdH0QgSC-UNd3FFeRg8sZBhy-wQ3NwCAHPkI9lf4lnTfqnRJElySAQrdU-w0/s400/tirol_05_2009+%281%29.JPG" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356823947385937874" border="0" /></a>I won't take this way.<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKrd-lWDxEpkicDt4ma6kZA2c-9nxnhqNJR15ugibg8qckeM-3U3vP-y7KnIkwDjnxIoO4x_x_-tGhsBIxeqKf5mvZiXfZDMgh7AAkgvtJmH2NQRfECaGsR-ijwc7M1OwBm6u_pP1d9jM/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2820%29.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 156px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKrd-lWDxEpkicDt4ma6kZA2c-9nxnhqNJR15ugibg8qckeM-3U3vP-y7KnIkwDjnxIoO4x_x_-tGhsBIxeqKf5mvZiXfZDMgh7AAkgvtJmH2NQRfECaGsR-ijwc7M1OwBm6u_pP1d9jM/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2820%29.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356829092439362018" border="0" /></a>San Pellegrino seen from Costabella.<br /><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnOtAGf6oNM49v6lPPpvMSYl5qoaimobGoxXONCa4gWsfyAPWD4SifXCOlBa0sUuQPsBlTPi0Up1kJmyy7aw1JoBjHbqAYCpSqFS-LH7ZzUj9BeB2exN5zq0Hm-37ix0mvnu4rpjMarzI/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2822%29.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 103px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnOtAGf6oNM49v6lPPpvMSYl5qoaimobGoxXONCa4gWsfyAPWD4SifXCOlBa0sUuQPsBlTPi0Up1kJmyy7aw1JoBjHbqAYCpSqFS-LH7ZzUj9BeB2exN5zq0Hm-37ix0mvnu4rpjMarzI/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2822%29.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356829519137954626" border="0" /></a>A similar view 13 days earlier.<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe-cMGAT95bfsD8wB9-FsmmWp-rfqsXN-71vk8r4MSzzwM3zUDwcXN_obLvxoQ0avyydKiaVVIVQbEnXVkswHib4tyfdqKm-SN92Yy7L4GpdXX9DeY10YsTHT_I9bq3itx-rneFf4SBHo/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2823%29.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 165px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe-cMGAT95bfsD8wB9-FsmmWp-rfqsXN-71vk8r4MSzzwM3zUDwcXN_obLvxoQ0avyydKiaVVIVQbEnXVkswHib4tyfdqKm-SN92Yy7L4GpdXX9DeY10YsTHT_I9bq3itx-rneFf4SBHo/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2823%29.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356829527003977090" border="0" /></a>A typical Dolomite landscape in Val Badia near Misci and Seres. The mountain in the background should be <span style="font-style: italic;">Kreuzkofel </span>(<span style="font-style: italic;">Sasso Croce</span>).<br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9bFs2k7HR3j5dQa-0LobeOFtTpemQfKn_N6c9D5UhzHGaNGuKZzmkvwlMJonUf7KqSBhLD006hxL6w02c78SsfGriG-Qen9WqpKDH6l3wKAK7fbcchbsJooP4iyPy4EbWtdl9Txe0ca8/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2810%29.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 267px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9bFs2k7HR3j5dQa-0LobeOFtTpemQfKn_N6c9D5UhzHGaNGuKZzmkvwlMJonUf7KqSBhLD006hxL6w02c78SsfGriG-Qen9WqpKDH6l3wKAK7fbcchbsJooP4iyPy4EbWtdl9Txe0ca8/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2810%29.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356824392728749666" border="0" /></a><span style="font-style: italic;">Latemar </span>seen from <span style="font-style: italic;">Rosengarten/</span><i>Catinaccio</i>.<br /><br /></div><img src="file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/rhofmann/Eigene%20Dateien/Promotion/Dolomiten%20Mai%2009/Fotos/Richard/2009_05_23-Uomo/DSC02869.JPG" alt="" /><img src="file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/rhofmann/Eigene%20Dateien/Promotion/Dolomiten%20Mai%2009/Fotos/Richard/2009_05_23-Uomo/DSC02869.JPG" alt="" /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGdtI14mU5nmJ_K5R1wsTKluCzI9AkXRrBa4P2F2iZVdFmfhF2fJ8Dy0NWfJbvFNemgjpPPEHHU_A3hzDKuIykP59JObL6P-wxs4JkKFyqi2nnFi76zMkZuAt3LhQniVNtkCGbEmElXzk/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2819%29.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGdtI14mU5nmJ_K5R1wsTKluCzI9AkXRrBa4P2F2iZVdFmfhF2fJ8Dy0NWfJbvFNemgjpPPEHHU_A3hzDKuIykP59JObL6P-wxs4JkKFyqi2nnFi76zMkZuAt3LhQniVNtkCGbEmElXzk/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2819%29.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356825223717084962" border="0" /></a>A Bob Ross painting: Karer See with Latemar.<br /><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdm9NoIJEC0aSxJAY8CpSHnSNF_1pp7Fv1F7DojYtdr-Rj0tXf3MhIsfoibpZZCz2d4ktyAHGy23tctFXhyphenhyphenSXaoZhH8QjSR3iTYUCyWIeiMgdckVRgAgny8vX8Rxugk1iKBzWRXui6RZI/s1600-h/tirol_05_2009+%2817%29.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdm9NoIJEC0aSxJAY8CpSHnSNF_1pp7Fv1F7DojYtdr-Rj0tXf3MhIsfoibpZZCz2d4ktyAHGy23tctFXhyphenhyphenSXaoZhH8QjSR3iTYUCyWIeiMgdckVRgAgny8vX8Rxugk1iKBzWRXui6RZI/s400/tirol_05_2009+%2817%29.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5356825208182182978" border="0" /></a><span style="font-style: italic;">Cimon della Pala</span> from Val Venegia<br /></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-7001576845793087752009-07-09T20:47:00.005+02:002009-07-15T08:21:20.262+02:00There and back againSince the end of May, I am back from the first fieldsession and it was pretty nice. Although we had still plenty of snow at several localities. I didn't post anyhing recently because of being busy with sample preparation, cleaning, fossil identification, drawing sections and so on. As soon as possible I will add some pictures from field work.<br /><br />I just finished an abstract for a meeting in September and I planned the next field trips already. In August I will head back to Tyrol together with a Master student for one week to complete field observations. In September and October I will fly to Utah to see the Panthalassa seaworld of the lower Triassic.R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-68764551576509784592009-05-07T16:34:00.006+02:002009-07-15T18:48:27.842+02:00I am off......for fieldwork.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;">Although i did'nt post too much on nologic recently anyway, i have to anounce a little blogging-hiatus. Within the next 3 weeks I will be in the southern Alps for documenting lower Triassic sections. I hope for good material.<br /></div><br />Cheers.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Jan_neckel_peitlerkofel.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 440px; height: 292px;" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Jan_neckel_peitlerkofel.jpg" alt="" border="0" /></a><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Jan_neckel_peitlerkofel.jpg">link</a><br /></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-3671461457821923952009-05-01T16:40:00.008+02:002009-05-02T09:52:07.801+02:00Trace fossil of the second II: Brutalichnus brutalis Mikuláš et. al 2006<div style="text-align: justify;">Today I picked this one because of its adorable name. <span style="font-style: italic;">Brutalichnus </span>has been erected by <span style="font-size:85%;">Mikuláš</span> et. al 2006 with a bunch of other neat traces like <span style="font-style: italic;">Nihilichnus </span>and <span style="font-style: italic;">Machichnus </span>from bone material found in Miocene Sediments near Chomutov (Czech Republic). All of these structures represent biting and gnawing traces on bones. <span style="font-style: italic;">Brutalichnus brutalis </span>is interpreted by the authors as breakage due to bites of animals in order to feed on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancellous_bone">cancellous bones</a> which are rich in organic material. Evidence for this hypothesis is provided by small radial patterns at the points where the bone is broken. It proves that the bones did not simply collapse as a result of compaction.<br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"> <a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrsZuLGyA48pUxxP49kLG6FCeCuo8HxeYZokBkWn0rb5_UiSm44B5flnlilQwacL2wfUqJm7MDkXDOrUjZkelHFmdRltxVY3sR5tCnvxoLpJVKqXe7kvXmD-lzO00DZACB97cl7beAwSk/s1600-h/brutal02.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 375px; height: 293px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrsZuLGyA48pUxxP49kLG6FCeCuo8HxeYZokBkWn0rb5_UiSm44B5flnlilQwacL2wfUqJm7MDkXDOrUjZkelHFmdRltxVY3sR5tCnvxoLpJVKqXe7kvXmD-lzO00DZACB97cl7beAwSk/s400/brutal02.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5330866057750658802" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 1: Brutalichnus brutalis on a mandible (Mikuláš et al. 2007).<br /><br /><br /></span></div><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZe2ak5rgRafT72_0L7P9Aa8OrXWU4XEUtpL5bdLlmo_pLEEoXvajjIjcVxgByr28VlDI-BWNwtRa32fgFqfGLZnWkpfc4OIlOsNBgOBkiEq0dGiNT1T5nhCFe4rEbm5Gr0P7M9QrbmHk/s1600-h/brutal01.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 184px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZe2ak5rgRafT72_0L7P9Aa8OrXWU4XEUtpL5bdLlmo_pLEEoXvajjIjcVxgByr28VlDI-BWNwtRa32fgFqfGLZnWkpfc4OIlOsNBgOBkiEq0dGiNT1T5nhCFe4rEbm5Gr0P7M9QrbmHk/s400/brutal01.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5330873704174369906" border="0" /></a><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 2: The suggested trace maker action being responsible for the observed morphology </span><span style="font-size:85%;">(Mikuláš et al. 2007) </span></div><span style="font-size:85%;"><br /><br />Reference<br /></span><span style="font-size:85%;">Mikuláš R., Kadlecová E., Fejfar O., Dvořák Z. (2007): Three New Ichnogenera of Biting and Gnawing Traces on Reptilian and Mammalian Bones: A Case Study from the Miocene of the Czech Republic. Ichnos, 13, p. 113–127. <a href="http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content%7Econtent=a756674120">link</a><br /><br /><span style="font-size:100%;">To close this post you may enjoy the audio version of<span style="font-style: italic;"> Brutalichnus brutalis</span>: Converge's </span><span style="font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Fault and Fracture.</span><br /><object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/CMPvknyczCE&hl=de&fs=1&rel=0&color1=0xe1600f&color2=0xfebd01"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/CMPvknyczCE&hl=de&fs=1&rel=0&color1=0xe1600f&color2=0xfebd01" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"></embed></object><br /></span></span>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-73925865560939942522009-04-24T08:47:00.004+02:002009-07-15T21:00:59.431+02:00Global IchnologyAccidentally found on youtube: "Trace fossils" in different languages spoken by leading scientists of this discipline.<br /><br /><object th="425" height="344"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/uD0PH5i_EuE&color1=0xb1b1b1&color2=0xcfcfcf&feature=player_embedded&fs=1"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/uD0PH5i_EuE&color1=0xb1b1b1&color2=0xcfcfcf&feature=player_embedded&fs=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"></embed></object>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-47657342324896293742009-04-13T20:31:00.016+02:002009-04-19T21:20:48.323+02:00Tübingen collection<div style="text-align: justify;">The first serious step of my phd research project led me to the collection of the Geological Institute of the Tübingen University. My task was to see some original material from one of the main sample and field localities. I won't go into detail about it as long as there is nothing published but I still would like to share some impressions from the other (non-field work) part of palaeontology.<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_x5i7iemAYzsNCyu-iZDBl_0FhHOyfQ9qY4YBQyozXeNdi6BSxAxTOE_9y4sEIBfy_t914iuokuGqY_ym0_usXwqs5Z8oLeCMF5Q8P8Pv7DR17vJm3xAqy_wMiReOuk9FSfg0N_J_2o8/s1600-h/DSC02128.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_x5i7iemAYzsNCyu-iZDBl_0FhHOyfQ9qY4YBQyozXeNdi6BSxAxTOE_9y4sEIBfy_t914iuokuGqY_ym0_usXwqs5Z8oLeCMF5Q8P8Pv7DR17vJm3xAqy_wMiReOuk9FSfg0N_J_2o8/s400/DSC02128.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5326468175931451698" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Found you!</span><br /><br /><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6Us1evyXe1IkyZdWTp7Lf8FCDe4B_oETLSeRzOUIp8yhbPpWVrplECDgW8Wym4opY9f7yQG4TRGPd3wm8fdUmGkFaNZpXC8SJh1zkp_gGK27Vstiml9Q-pV5EjaeQ481-ipdsUgNLGZ0/s1600-h/DSC02196.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6Us1evyXe1IkyZdWTp7Lf8FCDe4B_oETLSeRzOUIp8yhbPpWVrplECDgW8Wym4opY9f7yQG4TRGPd3wm8fdUmGkFaNZpXC8SJh1zkp_gGK27Vstiml9Q-pV5EjaeQ481-ipdsUgNLGZ0/s400/DSC02196.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5326468178261251058" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">20 trays of fossils to go through</span>...<br /><br /><br /><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="http://i35.photobucket.com/albums/d190/richex/ani.gif?t=1240168449" alt="" border="0" /><span style="font-size:85%;">...and how it looks at first sight</span><br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpyq8jVnUzxpt_j93jJnTlyXsGqVoZUXVeSHE1XFE7exQXMMgmFQrGPK6zazqjt52cX4y8zl-eLHynH8Ar26I3ZyPZSm3v-OnnRRxUwplTJtp-ogxHMREipuTd78u4SdcBwClPxGDMI3E/s1600-h/DSC02129.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpyq8jVnUzxpt_j93jJnTlyXsGqVoZUXVeSHE1XFE7exQXMMgmFQrGPK6zazqjt52cX4y8zl-eLHynH8Ar26I3ZyPZSm3v-OnnRRxUwplTJtp-ogxHMREipuTd78u4SdcBwClPxGDMI3E/s400/DSC02129.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5326468177701762082" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">finding the essentials<br /></span></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3414256752873789563.post-83068885925841355012009-04-13T11:15:00.031+02:002009-04-24T14:50:38.273+02:00Trampled under Hoof<span style="font-size:85%;"></span><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Last Weekend, I was recruited as driver for a student field trip. Location & Time: Jura(-ssic) / Western Switzerland. In fact a great place for ichnologists: the first visited outcrop is one of the best track sites currently exposed worldwide. It is located just a few km in the north of Courtedoux. There are hundreds of imprints of walking sauropods, some theropod tracks as well as thousands of invertebrate traces. This trampled ground is found within the Reuchenette Formation which roughly represents the Kimmeridgian (middle Late Jurassic) of the Jura Mountains. Let me introduce some significant features of this truly remarkable occurrence.</span><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8nHPNBd5757SKaa2efvu9Ctkulz2063PMfpZMvg6L9fKdScie8u_b5Eic6ncRkRT1lWmBo7tjgzbELCTfuXoJrU84w_9hbq9Wox-ojvi1B_ZMXdX8ph4PrU2Jw9bCbzta4YNQ_8I_Xls/s1600-h/brontopus.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 452px; height: 213px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8nHPNBd5757SKaa2efvu9Ctkulz2063PMfpZMvg6L9fKdScie8u_b5Eic6ncRkRT1lWmBo7tjgzbELCTfuXoJrU84w_9hbq9Wox-ojvi1B_ZMXdX8ph4PrU2Jw9bCbzta4YNQ_8I_Xls/s400/brontopus.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5324131654058203634" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 1: This photo (click on picture to enlarge) covers roughly a third of the tracksite. You can see the dish-like structures forming trails which are trackable for more than 100 m. These imprints (ichnogenus </span><span style="font-style: italic;font-size:85%;" >Brontopodus</span><span style="font-size:85%;">) are referred to large sauropods like Diplodocus or Apatosaurus. With some empirical formulas it is possible to assess several parameters such as shoulder height, pace and spacing etc. Suggestions about the size of the trackmakers inferred from these trackways range up to 35 m. If correct, this is truly a pathway of titans.<br /></span></div><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBjfNKtyZNLfpquiLnasnXG_d2AbcKNJKL98gbNlpp06lUloMFU_8knLM3iBfmtEAFT9PbAgb4hKRAkCYxKnJc2SCtfNBb8LgF4Rpm7HDsOrmCPLlHEMR9i4As4CYVvc_zwI_v9uIaD2A/s1600-h/fig-2.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBjfNKtyZNLfpquiLnasnXG_d2AbcKNJKL98gbNlpp06lUloMFU_8knLM3iBfmtEAFT9PbAgb4hKRAkCYxKnJc2SCtfNBb8LgF4Rpm7HDsOrmCPLlHEMR9i4As4CYVvc_zwI_v9uIaD2A/s400/fig-2.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5324143000466735442" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 2: People for scale</span><br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOTIhZQ-rY76HE5ktfhhomkgZzkTrNLmScGzp4Bk181wfu9whmwRIPaZmwrURW_tDkf557STMoFFfbaYAp5Qy1L1ZAd2qQfBco1u9HaIcADSku3Q6ZHsPtsw_uajaZBBwTONF7DmLRs5k/s1600-h/brontopus-01.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOTIhZQ-rY76HE5ktfhhomkgZzkTrNLmScGzp4Bk181wfu9whmwRIPaZmwrURW_tDkf557STMoFFfbaYAp5Qy1L1ZAd2qQfBco1u9HaIcADSku3Q6ZHsPtsw_uajaZBBwTONF7DmLRs5k/s400/brontopus-01.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5324145113057982594" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 3: A more detailed view of individual imprints. </span><br /></div><span style="font-size:85%;"><br /></span><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:100%;">The “crater”-like appearance of the imprints (fig. 3) is due to the impact of the foot on this slippery and readily deformable substrate. These creatures weighted certainly more than 10 tons. Actually it is quite mysterious that these large creatures did not stick in the mud. My two suggestions solving this riddle.<br /></span></div></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;">(1) These structures represent already more or less deep undertracks of traces that were produced at some levels above. While walking over a muddy substrate, a creature usually does not only leave an imprint at the very surface, it furthermore obliterates older strata beneath. In fact, numerous trackways do occur quite frequently as undertrack preservation. The problem is that at this locality analogue structures are not observed in slightly higher levels, which however might be due to subsequent erosion.<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;">(2) The subsurface substrate was already somewhat consolidated and, thus, provided solid ground.<br /></div><br />There is evidence to favour this one and it comes from the underlying sediment and the invertebrate traces:<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQwc1tD6QMndlay6h8nnnSqLSPxcBbpskDOXgpD3u1BVKjBoHTDBU3KxH9Zi0BNQxQQNebPW4NpkXGqL3eohtxxww10VfI_UTobt7OIJabsru6CIE17vqhPTnMI4zRU_EJr60RPGNDavE/s1600-h/Thalassication.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQwc1tD6QMndlay6h8nnnSqLSPxcBbpskDOXgpD3u1BVKjBoHTDBU3KxH9Zi0BNQxQQNebPW4NpkXGqL3eohtxxww10VfI_UTobt7OIJabsru6CIE17vqhPTnMI4zRU_EJr60RPGNDavE/s400/Thalassication.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5324145118024981154" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 4: Desiccation cracks and invertebrate burrows in the underlying bedding plane. The burrows are in fact present below this surface. What you see here is just the "halo". </span><br /></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:100%;">On fig. 4, you can see the bedding plane beneath the track-site levels and it reveals something special. I never saw such beautifully preserved and exposed desiccation cracks and invertebrate burrows of the ichnogenus <span style="font-style: italic;">Thalassinoides</span>. The cracks prove that this surface was fully emerged and got dry. Enough time for calcareous mud to transfrom into a firm substrate. In the next step, the area became flooded again and a new layer of mud was deposited in the intertidal or even supratidal zone of a shallow sea. Now, the Dinosaurs strolled along the Jurassic beach leaving nothing but their massive foot steps in slippery mudflat deposits. </span><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj02NjqAFBAff45MCExCIyVva6IJVSkbNHOnVOtUU4B5bUBXZHZwNZDS_XYlb_p5fqLRx8b85CSpcJKYahG6zhtPh91QTRBYxyos8qda-XxHUCEW2woZQ75e-jfODhwAC1fVQm9m76JIA8/s1600-h/ThalassicationII.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj02NjqAFBAff45MCExCIyVva6IJVSkbNHOnVOtUU4B5bUBXZHZwNZDS_XYlb_p5fqLRx8b85CSpcJKYahG6zhtPh91QTRBYxyos8qda-XxHUCEW2woZQ75e-jfODhwAC1fVQm9m76JIA8/s400/ThalassicationII.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5324145120490279138" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 5: <span style="font-style: italic;">Thalassinoides </span>isp. It looks as if it stopped digging at the tripple junction.<br /></span></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:100%;">Last question: When did the burrows form? First, clearly after desiccation. Fig. 4 and 5 show that they are not affected by the cracks and second, after the Dinosaurs passing. At this site, there is no evidence for Dinos trampling crustacean burrows. <span style="font-style: italic;">Thalassinoides</span> are trace fossils usually indicating fully marine conditions. I think they were created later when this area became a seafloor once again. These burrows were open (fig. 6) which is another hint that the desiccated level was firm. The crustaceans dug down into the firm substrate and created these burrows.<br /></span></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVRcQTBcE4P1OrOIM9IgJ4OTzfYaBSpe-Op_TqjpNfSmAM6PTLkW0ng8XWXDb-FIPs4G-HC7nysHjCvUdvI-6WDkXqGhC49U-T-qMy1x6XZi8BDSaI5Ia04ev5XYddGvV3EMLPsytn2uM/s1600-h/passive.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVRcQTBcE4P1OrOIM9IgJ4OTzfYaBSpe-Op_TqjpNfSmAM6PTLkW0ng8XWXDb-FIPs4G-HC7nysHjCvUdvI-6WDkXqGhC49U-T-qMy1x6XZi8BDSaI5Ia04ev5XYddGvV3EMLPsytn2uM/s400/passive.jpg" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5324145125445304562" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 6: <span style="font-style: italic;">Thalassinoides </span>isp. with passive fill.<br /><br /></span><div style="text-align: justify;">I think it is odd in a way that two different structures occuring in one bed chronologically bracket an event preserved in the bed above.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://fc07.deviantart.com/fs35/f/2008/307/0/e/Jurassic_landscape_by_dustdevil.jpg"><img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 420px; height: 349px;" src="http://fc07.deviantart.com/fs35/f/2008/307/0/e/Jurassic_landscape_by_dustdevil.jpg" alt="" border="0" /></a><span style="font-size:85%;">Fig. 7: A scenic interpretation by <a href="http://www.paleospot.com/"><span id="lbCaption">Alain Bénéteau</span></a>. (click for enlarge)<br /></span></div><br />To close this post you may listen to <span style="font-style: italic;">Trampled under Hoof</span> from <span style="font-style: italic;">Mastodon</span>.<br /><object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/07ufKRm_D4U&hl=de&fs=1"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/07ufKRm_D4U&hl=de&fs=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"></embed></object><br /><br /><br /><br /></div><span style="font-size:85%;"></span><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div></div></div></div>R Hofmannhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13230622739329326035noreply@blogger.com0